Table 2.
Pooled prevalence of T. gondii infection in humans in Nigeria based of sub-groups
| Variables | No. of Studies |
Pooled Estimates | (95% CI) | Heterogeneity | Meta-regression | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size | Cases | Prev. (%) | Q-value | I2 (%) | Q-p | P- value | OR (95% CI) | |||
| Region | ||||||||||
| South-west | 19 | 5133 | 1880 | 31.70 | 23.86, 40.74 | 618.15 | 97.09 | < 0.001 | 0.756 | −0.10 (−0.80, 0.61) |
| South-south | 8 | 5412 | 2148 | 41.00 | 25.61, 58.37 | 825.41 | 99.15 | < 0.001 | −0.15 (−1.10, 0.81) | |
| North-west | 10 | 2389 | 766 | 32.52 | 25.03, 41.03 | 116.68 | 92.29 | < 0.001 | 0.10 (−0.59, 0.80) | |
| North-east | 4 | 820 | 281 | 28.58 | 16.28, 45.17 | 58.84 | 94.90 | < 0.001 | 0.41 (−0.32, 1.14) | |
| North-central | 9 | 2476 | 759 | 29.58 | 18.54, 43.66 | 313.91 | 97.45 | < 0.001 | Reference | |
| MOD | ||||||||||
| RSAT | 3 | 407 | 73 | 14.41 | 5.32, 33.54 | 23.60 | 91.53 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | −2.87 (−4.23, −1.51) |
| Others | 11 | 4386 | 1169 | 34.79 | 21.32, 51.24 | 731.36 | 98.63 | < 0.001 | −1.76 (− 2.81, −0.71) | |
| HAT | 4 | 1129 | 386 | 23.71 | 12.85, 39.58 | 35.54 | 91.56 | < 0.001 | −2.34 (− 3.62, −1.07) | |
| ELISA | 28 | 8283 | 2941 | 31.62 | 26.39, 37.37 | 740.87 | 96.36 | < 0.001 | −1.90 (−2.88, −0.92) | |
| Dye Test | 4 | 2025 | 1265 | 74.29 | 57.49, 86.06 | 46.33 | 93.53 | < 0.001 | Reference | |
| Study period | ||||||||||
| 2006–2019 | 37 | 11,708 | 3586 | 28.75 | 23.44, 34.71 | 1420.79 | 97.47 | < 0.001 | 0.003 | −2.76 (−4.48, −1.05) |
| 1991–2005 | 5 | 1543 | 722 | 44.60 | 27.46, 63.13 | 172.73 | 97.68 | < 0.001 | −2.07 (−3.92, −0.23) | |
| 1976–1990 | 6 | 2956 | 1506 | 41.93 | 27.81, 57.51 | 218.12 | 97.71 | < 0.001 | −2.19 (−4.01, −0.36) | |
| 1960–1975 | 2 | 23 | 20 | 86.82 | 66.13, 95.69 | 0.09 | 0.00 | 0.760 | Reference | |
| Sample size | ||||||||||
| > 450 | 7 | 6690 | 2524 | 36.64 | 24.15, 51.23 | 721.84 | 99.17 | < 0.001 | 0.913 | 0.19 (−0.65, 1.03) |
| 301–450 | 13 | 4704 | 1663 | 30.22 | 19.87, 43.07 | 790.96 | 98.48 | < 0.001 | −0.09 (− 0.81, 0.63) | |
| 151–300 | 18 | 3976 | 1398 | 33.68 | 27.00, 41.08 | 354.78 | 95.21 | < 0.001 | 0.06 (−0.62, 0.73) | |
| ≤ 150 | 12 | 860 | 249 | 32.59 | 18.93, 50.04 | 160.68 | 93.15 | < 0.001 | Reference | |
| Overall | 50 | 16,230 | 5834 | 32.92 | 27.89, 38.37 | 2071.70 | 97.64 | < 0.001 | ||
CI Confidence interval; ELISA Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; HAT Haemagglutination test, LAT Latex agglutination test; PCR Polymerase chain reaction; RSAT Rapid slide agglutination test; I2 Inverse variance index; MOD Method of diagnosis; OR Odds Ratio; Prev. Prevalence; Q-p Cochran’s p-value