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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 May 13.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Mar 24;27(5):809–822.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.02.015

Figure 4. Altered Immunity in Rewilded Mice is Associated with Microbial Exposure in the Natural Environment.

Figure 4.

(A) Relative abundance of phylum level taxa that constitute the fecal microbial community of lab (Lab) and rewilded (Wild) mice as determined by 16S sequencing. N = 79 lab and 102 rewilded mice. (B) Alpha diversity quantification through number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs). (C) Stacked bar plot of mean relative abundances of genus level taxa. (D) Bacterial taxa from (C) significantly enriched in lab versus wild conditions as determined by linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis using a LDA threshold score of 2.5. (E) Principle coordinate analysis of differential microbial gene families abundance between lab and wild mice determined by shotgun sequencing. N = 6 lab and 17 rewilded mice. (F) Quantification of relative fungal burden in stool of lab and rewilded mice as determined by qPCR of the internal transcribed space (ITS) region normalized to the average of lab mice. Mean and spread are shown. N = 45 lab and 50 rewilded mice. **** P <0.01 by two-tailed Student’s t-test between groups, (F). See also Figure S3 and S4.