Table 1.

Clinical evidence of potential candidates for drug repositioning against COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2)

Reference	Drugs	Study design and country	No. of patients	Main outcomes
Wang et al., 2020 [14]	Lopinavir/ritonavir Umifenovir*	Retrospective study China	4	Recovery and restoration of immune function, improvement of pulmonary imaging findings, promotion of a negative conversion of viruses, and an increase in the oxygen pressure were observed after the antiviral treatment.
Mo et al., 2020 [16]	Lopinavir/ritonavir Umifenovir**	Retrospective study China	45	Only supportive care (oxygen, fluid control and mechanical ventilation) was associated with patient recovery.
Shi et al., 2020 [25]	Ganciclovir Oseltamivir#	Case report China	1	The antiviral treatment resulted in an improvement of pulmonary imaging findings.
Holshue et al., 2020 [17]	Remdesivir#	Case report USA	1	Improvements in pulmonary imaging findings and an increase in oxygen pressure were observed after the treatment with remdesivir.
Cao et al., 2020 [15]	Lopinavir/ritonavir***	Randomized, controlled, open-label clinical trial China	199	Treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir did not improve the clinical condition of patients compared to the standard of care***

*Lopinavir (400 mg) + ritonavir (100 mg), q12h, orally; associated with umifenovir (200 mg), q12h, orally. The duration of antiviral treatment was 6-15 days

**Solution containing umifenovir (20.0%), lopinavir + ritonavir (17.4%) and interferon (19.4%) administered through inhalation

***In this study, 99 patients were assigned to receive lopinavir/ritonavir (400 mg and 100 mg, orally), and 100 patients were assigned to the standard of care (oxygen supplementation, noninvasive and invasive ventilation, antibiotic agents, vasopressor support, renal-replacement therapy, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation)

^#In these studies, the therapeutic scheme used was not clearly defined