Figure 3.

The roles of epigenetic agents in multiple aspects of the immune cycle. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) increase immune recognition by restoring the expression of various tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, and the generation of antigen-presenting cell (APC). Epigenetic agents may also enhance the migration of T cells to the tumor microenvironment by targeting the production of TH1 chemokine and generation of immunosuppressive cells, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Targeting epigenetic regulators can provide promising and safe methods to restore T cell activation.