Fig. 1.

Extracellular vesicle biogenesis and secretion. Microvesicles are released by outward budding of the plasma membrane due to changes in the membrane composition. After endocytosis and the formation of the early endosome, an inward budding of the endosomal membrane originates intraluminal vesicles into late endosome (LE)/multivesicular body (MVB) formation. MVBs have 2 fates: fuse with the lysosome, where its content is degraded, or fuse with the plasma membrane and have its content released into the extracellular environment, being called exosomes. [Modified from Kalra et al. (36) under Creative Commons by Attribution (CCBY) 4.0 license. Copyright 2016 Kalra et al.]