Table 3.
Summary of Conventional Biosensors for detection of pathogens
| Reference | Type/Modification | Biological component | Target/organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| [12] | Electrochemical | RNA | Dengue virus |
| [99] | Optical | Antibody | Herpes simplex virus type (HSV-1) |
| [28] | Electrochemical/miniaturize gold electrode | Antibody | Avian influenza virus |
| [101] | Electrochemical/Silicon nanowire | Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) | Dengue serotype 2 virus |
| [64] | Electrochemical | Antibody | Rotavirus |
| [24] | Optical | Antibody | Vesiculovirus (VSV) |
| [70] | Electrochemical | Bacterial cells | Escheria coli |
| [82] | Microelectromechanical | Immobilized antibodies | Escheria coli |
| [65] | Electrochemical | Bacterial cells | Escheria coli, Paeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis |
| [30] | Optical/Quantum dots nanoparticles | Aptamer | Vibrio paragaemolyticus, Salmonella typhimurium |
| [1] | Optical/Graphene magnetic nanosheet | Bacterial cells | Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus |
| [72] | Optical/cationic gold nanoparticle | Enzyme | Escheria coli, streptomyces griseus, Bacillus subtilis |