Table 5.

Factors associated with dietary pattern among respondents.

Factors	Factor Scores	95% CI		F Value	p Value
		Lower	Upper
Unhealthy dietary pattern 1
Locality of schools				9.774	<0.001
Northern	−0.379	−0.570	−0.189
Centre	−0.480	−0.716	−0.244
Southern	−0.561	−0.746	−0.377
East coast	0.070	−0.205	0.344
East Malaysia	0.119	−0.158	0.396
Sex				4.540	0.034
Male	−0.174	−0.316	−0.032
Female	−0.319	−0.483	−0.154
Ethnicity				44.517	<0.001
Malay	0.079	−0.048	0.206
Chinese/Indian	−0.588	−0.738	−0.439
Bumiputra/others	−0.230	−0.544	0.084
Snacks intake per week				14.717	<0.001
≥4 times	−0.028	−0.206	0.149
1–3 times	−0.108	−0.245	0.030
Never	−0.603	−0.813	−0.393
Eating out per week				3.747	0.025
≥4 times	−0.049	−0.293	0.195
1–3 times	−0.275	−0.400	−0.149
Never	−0.416	−0.589	−0.243
Self-perceived weight status				3.556	0.030
Underweight	−0.127	−0.306	0.052
Overweight/obese	−0.381	−0.569	−0.193
Appropriate	−0.231	−0.375	−0.087
Food label reading habit				4.375	0.014
Yes, every time	−0.167	−0.324	−0.010
Yes, sometimes	−0.348	−0.492	−0.204
No	−0.224	−0.455	0.006
Healthy dietary pattern 2
Types of school				16.177	<0.001
Primary school	0.269	0.132	0.407
Secondary school	−0.057	−0.163	0.050
Ethnicity				3.106	0.046
Malay	0.005	−0.096	0.106
Chinese/Indian	0.212	0.081	0.342
Bumiputra/others	0.102	−0.106	0.309
Alternative proteins dietary pattern 3
Locality of schools
Northern	−0.133	−0.269	0.003	2.737	0.029
Centre	0.328	0.081	0.574
Southern	−0.111	−0.265	0.042
East coast	−0.136	−0.377	0.105
East Malaysia	0.045	−0.098	0.188
Ethnicity				4.715	0.010
Malay	0.052	−0.075	0.180
Chinese/Indian	0.149	0.043	0.255
Bumiputra/others	−0.207	−0.437	0.023
Types of school				11.828	0.001
Primary school	0.155	0.015	0.294
Secondary school	−0.158	−0.273	−0.043

¹ Types of school, breakfast intake per week, and lunch intake per week were removed from the univariate GLM model for unhealthy pattern. ² Locality of schools, sex, snacks intake per week, eating out per week, breakfast intake per week, lunch intake per week, self-perceived weight status and food label reading habit were removed from the univariate GLM model for healthy pattern. ³ Sex, snacks intake per week, eating out per week, breakfast intake per week, lunch intake per week, self-perceived weight status and food label reading habit were removed from the univariate GLM model for alternative proteins pattern.