Table 3.
Behavioral state results (mean ± SE) for multiple pairs of pigs subjected to the three treatments. Duration refers to the total elapsed time from onset to the cessation of the indicated variable. For the latency category, the numbers in parentheses indicate how many animals out of 18 in each treatment performed that specific behavior listed under column 2, “Variable”.
| Category | Variable (s) 1 | Carbon Dioxide | Carbon Dioxide with Butorphanol | Nitrous Oxide | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Duration | Standing | 123.20 ± 10.83 b | 84.35 ± 3.35 c | 144.55 ± 5.75 a | <0.0001 |
| Lying | 432.28 ± 26.72 | 446.97 ± 26.34 | 407.69 ± 23.21 | 0.4508 | |
| Paddling | 31.09 ± 7.51 ab | 15.91 ± 2.92 b | 43.35 ± 9.83 a | 0.0294 | |
| Inactivity | 423.58 ± 39.97 | 475.01 ± 26.06 | 487.80 ± 22.98 | 0.9253 | |
| Locomotion | 81.62 ± 25.26 | 55.56 ± 5.37 | 63.06 ± 8.06 | 0.4564 | |
| Heavy Breathing | 26.07 ± 10.63 a | 2.50 ± 1.73 b | 34.41 ± 9.77 a | <0.03 | |
| Open Mouth Breathing | 49.47 ± 7.26 a | 59.35 ± 10.34 a | 19.30 ± 8.61 b | <0.01 | |
| Latency | Heavy Breathing | 68.37 ± 11.07 b | 45.96 ± 11.96 b | 116.42 ± 9.77 a | 0.0018 |
| (10) | (16) | (18) | |||
| Open Mouth Breathing | 85.64 ± 11.58 b | 49.69 ± 5.66 c | 149.15 ± 19.02 a | <0.0001 | |
| (18) | (1) | (9) | |||
| Gaping | 145.50 ± 12.84 b | 124.97 ± 7.56 b | 272.50 ± 9.07 a | <0.0001 | |
| (10) | (10) | (10) | |||
| Ataxia | 103.87 ± 11.46 a | 66.41 ± 4.24 b | 108.99 ± 6.57 a | 0.0104 | |
| (17) | (18) | (18) | |||
| Loss of Posture | 144.99 ± 17.27 a | 101.19 ± 4.67 b | 162.64 ± 6.99 a | <0.0001 | |
| (18) | (18) | (18) | |||
| Paddling | 172.49 ±12.78 b | 132.27 ± 5.96 c | 204.84 ± 6.22 a | <0.0001 | |
| (16) | (14) | (17) |
1 s = second; a,b,c Means within a row with unlike superscript letters differed (p < 0.05).