Table 3.
Associations between early-life conditions (ELC) and mental intactness scores for middle- and old-aged Chinese adults.
| Variables | Aged 45–59 Years | Aged 60 Years+ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β, Model 1 | β, Model 2 | β, Model 3 | β, Model 4 | β, Model 1 | β, Model 2 | β, Model 3 | β, Model 4 | |
| Early paternal death (no) | ||||||||
| Yes | −0.10 | 0.09 | 0.10 | 0.10 | −0.10 | 0.14 | 0.18 | 0.07 |
| Early maternal death (no) | ||||||||
| Yes | −0.44 *** | −0.15 | −0.13 | −0.19 * | −0.35 ** | −0.09 | −0.09 | −0.03 |
| Paternal education (illiterate) | ||||||||
| Able to read and write | 0.54 *** | 0.26 *** | 0.23 *** | 0.21 *** | 0.80 *** | 0.36 *** | 0.33 *** | 0.27 ** |
| Paternal employment (agricultural) | ||||||||
| Non-agricultural | 0.92 *** | 0.28 *** | 0.15 * | 0.11 * | 1.27 *** | 0.47 *** | 0.29 *** | 0.13 ** |
| Food adequacy (no) | ||||||||
| Yes | 0.28 *** | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.01 | −0.09 | −0.11 | −0.34 |
| Childhood self-rated health (healthy) | ||||||||
| Average | −0.08 | −0.01 | −0.01 | 0.01 | −0.19 * | −0.14 * | −0.11 | −0.11 |
| Less healthy | −0.36 *** | −0.26 *** | −0.19 * | −0.19 * | −0.36 ** | −0.27 * | −0.22 * | −0.22 *** |
| Early paternal death * age | −0.01 | 0.01 | ||||||
| Early maternal death * age | −0.03 | −0.01 | ||||||
| Paternal education * age | 0.01 | 0.01 | ||||||
| Paternal employment * age | 0.02 | 0.01 | ||||||
| Food adequacy * age | 0.03 ** | 0.01 | ||||||
| Age | −0.05 *** | −0.02 ** | −0.01 ** | −0.02 | −0.10 *** | −0.08 *** | −0.07 *** | −0.08 *** |
| Female (male) | −1.31 *** | −0.52 *** | −0.58 *** | −0.58 *** | −1.86 *** | −0.90 *** | −0.91 *** | −0.91 *** |
| Education | 0.64 *** | 0.61 *** | 0.61 *** | 0.76 *** | 0.71 *** | 0.71 *** | ||
| Marital status (married) | ||||||||
| Not married | −0.31 ** | −0.30 ** | −0.24 ** | −0.24 ** | ||||
| Rural (urban) | −0.47 *** | −0.47 *** | −0.60 *** | −0.60 *** | ||||
| ADL | −0.31 *** | −0.30 *** | −0.45 *** | −0.45 *** | ||||
| Adulthood physical limitation (no) | −0.27 *** | −0.27 ** | 0.03 | 0.03 | ||||
| Number of chronic diseases | −0.03 * | −0.03 * | 0.01 | 0.01 | ||||
| Current smoker (no) | −0.09 | −0.09 | −0.01 | −0.01 | ||||
| Current drinker (no) | 0.08 | 0.08 * | 0.01 | 0.01 | ||||
| -Log likelihood | 44,140.83 | 43,085.56 | 42,290.61 | 42,282.05 | 28,944.13 | 28,147.55 | 27,841.16 | 27,839.66 |
β: Coefficient; Reference groups in parentheses (* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001); Model 1: ELCs + age + gender; Model 2: ELCs + age + gender + education; Model 3: ELCs + age + gender + education + other covariates; Model 4: ELCs + age + gender + education + other covariates + interactions between ELCs and age.