Table 4.

Presenteeism among workers none exposed to adverse social behavior.

			Presenteeism (n = 22,112)
			OR	95% C.I.	p
Demographic	Gender (ref: male)	Female	1.632	1.451–1.835	<0.001
	Age (ref: <40)	≥40	1.217	1.082–1.368	0.001
	Education level (ref: ≥college)	≤Middle school	1.469	1.160–1.861	0.001
		High school	0.999	0.876–1.140	0.993
	Income (million won) (ref: ≥5.00)	<1.00	0.855	0.539–1.356	0.506
		1.00–2.99	0.811	0.651–1.011	0.063
		3.00–4.99	0.977	0.798–1.196	0.821
Occupation	Job type (ref: professionals)	Clerks	1.035	0.893–1.199	0.647
		Service and sales workers	0.845	0.715–0.998	0.047
		Blue collar	0.862	0.712–1.020	0.081
	Hours worked per week (ref: ≤40)	41–52	1.339	1.192–1.504	<0.001
		≥53	1.825	1.562–2.133	<0.001
	Company size (ref: <50)	50–249	1.028	0.899–1.176	0.684
		≥250	1.058	0.886–1.262	0.534
	Year of Service (ref: ≥10)	<5	1.002	0.869–1.157	0.975
		5–9	1.134	0.987–1.301	0.075
	Work shift (ref: no)	Yes	1.329	1.134–1.556	<0.001
	Safety information provided at work (ref: yes)	No	1.167	1.047–1.301	0.005
Discrimination (ref: no)	Yes		1.711	1.496–1.957	<0.001
Work conditions	Quantitative demands (ref: low)	high	1.670	1.463–1.906	<0.001
	Job autonomy (ref: high)	low	1.573	1.385–1.787	<0.001
	Emotional demands (ref: low)	high	1.384	1.193–1.606	<0.001
	Job stress (ref: low)	high	1.571	1.329–1.857	<0.001
	Social support from colleagues (ref: high)	low	1.054	0.805–1.381	0.701
	Social support from managers (ref: high)	low	0.984	0.779–1.243	0.891

OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; ref. = reference.