Table 3.

E2f1 deficiency attenuates ventricular dysfunction in the failing heart

	E2f1+/+	E2f1−/−
HR (bpm)	542 ± 54	497 ± 41*
SV (μL)	28 ± 7	36 ± 10*
CO (mL/min)	15 ± 3	18 ± 5
LVIDd (mm)	6.3 ± 1.2	5.6 ± 0.7
LVIDs (mm)	5.8 ± 1.5	5.0 ± 0.9
FS (%)	8 ± 6	12 ± 7
LVPWd (mm)	0.8 ± 0.4	0.8 ± 0.3
LVPWs (mm)	0.9 ± 0.5	1.0 ± 0.4
LVAWd (mm)	0.4 ± 0.4	0.4 ± 0.4
LVAWs (mm)	0.5 ± 0.5	0.5 ± 0.5

Male and female E2f1^−/− (n = 15) and their E2f1^+/+ (n = 17) littermates were subjected to echocardiography 4 weeks after MI. Indices of cardiac function were assessed. Heart rate (HR) was significantly reduced in E2f1^−/− mice (p = 0.0107). Stroke volume (SV, p = 0.0097) was decreased in E2f1^+/+ group. Cardiac output (CO, p = 0.0707) remained unchanged. Diastolic and systolic left ventricular inner diameters were not significantly different (LVIDd, p = 0.0678; LVIDs, p = 0.0563). Fractional shortening (FS, p = 0.0862) was also not changed. Diastolic or systolic left ventricular posterior wall diameter (LVPWd, LVPWs), and diastolic or systolic anterior wall diameter (LVAWd, LVAWs) also remained similar between groups. An unpaired Student’s t test was used to determine significance between E2f1^+/+ and E2f1^−/− groups