Table III:
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes by Antenatal Corticosteroid and Magnesium Sulfate Exposure
| Antenatal Corticosteroids + Magnesium Sulfate | Antenatal Corticosteroids Only | Magnesium Sulfate Only | No Antenatal Corticosteroid or Magnesium Sulfate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) |
| Outcomes at Discharge* | ||||
| Grade 3–4 ICH | 369 (17.1) | 94 (19.4) | 28 (34.6) | 91 (38.6) |
| Any ICH† | 718 (33.2) | 168 (34.7) | 42 (51.9) | 134 (56.8) |
| Death | 475 (21.2) | 140 (27.5) | 30 (33.7) | 89 (35.3) |
| Any ICH or death | 998 (44.8) | 255 (50.3) | 56 (62.9) | 166 (65.9) |
| Any ICH in survivors | 523 (29.8) | 115 (31.3) | 26 (44.1) | 77 (47.2) |
| Grade 3–4 ICH or death | 719 (32.3) | 201 (39.6) | 45 (50.6) | 133 (52.8) |
| Grade 3–4 ICH in survivors | 244 (13.9) | 61 (16.6) | 15 (25.4) | 44 (27.0) |
| Outcomes at Follow-Up‡ | ||||
| Severe NDI§ or death | 813 (36.3) | 225 (44.3) | 47 (52.8) | 121 (48.2) |
| Severe NDI§ | 309 (17.9) | 76 (21.2) | 15 (26.3) | 28 (17.7) |
| Death | 505 (22.5) | 149 (29.3) | 32 (36.0) | 93 (36.9) |
| Severe cerebral palsy|| | 49 (2.8) | 12 (3.3) | 1 (1.8) | 6 (3.8) |
| Moderate to severe cerebral palsy¶ | 117 (6.7) | 35 (9.7) | 4 (7.1) | 13 (8.2) |
| Moderate to severe cerebral palsy¶ or death | 621 (27.7) | 184 (36.2) | 36 (40.9) | 106 (42.1) |
| Bayley-3 Cognitive Composite Score <70 | 203 (11.8) | 43 (12.1) | 9 (15.8) | 14 (8.9) |
| Bayley-3 Motor Composite Score <70 | 225 (13.1) | 59 (16.6) | 11 (19.3) | 22 (14.1) |
| Blindness# | 12 (0.7) | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Hearing impairment** | 51 (2.9) | 8 (2.2) | 1 (1.8) | 6 (3.8) |
ICH, intracranial hemorrhage; NDI, neurodevelopmental impairment.
Data are n (%). Data missing for <1% of each outcome with the exception of ICH (4%).
Indicates: blood/echodensity in the germinal matrix (Grade 1), or blood echodensity in the ventricle (Grade 2), or ventricular size enlarged and blood/echodensity in the ventricle (Grade 3), or blood/echodensity in the parenchyma (Grade 4)
Among survivors to discharge, data missing for <1% of each outcome with the exception of severe NDI (2%), severe cerebral palsy (2%), Bayley-3 Cognitive Composite Score<70 (3%), blindness (2%), and hearing impairment (2%). Reasons NDI or components of NDI could be missing (a) child died, (b) child not present at follow-up, (c) child did not have all of the information to determine NDI
Severe neurodevelopmental impairment defined as ≥ 1 of the following: severe cerebral palsy, gross motor function level ≥ 4–5, motor and/or cognitive composite score < 70 on Bayley Scales of Infant Development III, bilateral blindness (no useful vision in either eye), or bilateral hearing impairment even with amplification.
Gross Motor Function Classification System level 4–5
Gross Motor Function Classification System level 2–5
Indicates whether infant has bilateral blindness with no useful vision in either eye (the 2002+ definition)
Indicates whether infant has any hearing impairment even with amplification (2006+ definition)