Table 1.

Study and patient characteristics.

	Blasco 2012	Varnfield 2014	Widmer 2015	Johnston 2016	Widmer 2017	Maddison 2019	Fang 2019	Dorje 2019
Smartphone intervention (n)	102	53	25	86	34	82	33	156
Traditional cardiac rehabilitation (n)	101	41	19	80	37	80	34	156
Design	RCT	RCT	Case-Control	RCT	RCT	RCT	RCT	RCT
Program duration	12 months	6 months	3 months	6 months	3 months	3 months	6 weeks	6 months
Population	ACS	ACS	ACS	ACS	ACS	CAD	Post PCI	Post PCI
Follow-up time point	12 months	6 months	6 months	6 months	6 months	6 months	6 weeks	12 months
Follow-up completion (%)
Smartphone CR	88	77	89	93	92	94	83	100
Traditional CR	91	43	44	93	85	98	85	100
Age (years)
Smartphone CR	60.6 ± 11.5	54.9 ± 9.6	60.2 ± 12.1	56.8 ± 8.0	61.0 ± 13.2	62.5 ± 10.7	60.2 ± 9.4	59.1 ± 9.4
Traditional CR	61 ± 12.1	56.2 ± 10.1	70.4 ± 9.9	58.4 ± 8.6	61.5 ± 12.2	63.6 ± 10.9	61.4 ± 10.2	61.9 ± 8.7
Male (%)
Smartphone CR	81	91	76	83	84	78	64	82
Traditional CR	80	83	89	79	88	85	62	81
BMI (kg/m2)
Smartphone CR	28.2 ± 5.3	NR	29.2 ± 4.4	28.9 ± 5.6	29.1 ± 4.6	31.4 ± 5	NR	25.3 ± 3.0
Traditional CR	27.7 ± 3.5	NR	30.6 ± 5.6	28.4 ± 4.7	27.9 ± 3.5	30.5 ± 6.0	NR	25.4 ± 3.5
Hypertension (%)
Smartphone CR	NR	42	95	46.5	65	82	46	NR
Traditional CR	NR	51	93	47.5	61	70	41	NR
Diabetes (%)
Smartphone CR	NR	15	27	9.3	18	32	27	NR
Traditional CR	NR	20	33	16.3	18	13	38	NR
Hyperlipidemia (%)
Smartphone CR	NR	55	68	27.9	77	97	NR	NR
Traditional CR	NR	46	71	16.3	88	93	NR	NR
Smoker (%)
Smartphone CR	77	5	14	NR	0	3	NR	56
Traditional CR	74	10	11	NR	1	15	NR	57

Abbreviations: ACS, acute coronary syndrome; BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; CR, cardiac rehabilitation; NR, not recorded; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; RCT, randomized controlled trial.