Table 1.
Effect of ensiling on nutritional composition, in vitro dry matter digestibility and total polyphenols content in broccoli by-product (BB), artichoke by-product (AB) and artichoke plant stubble (APS) silages.
| Silage | Days of Ensiling | SEM | p-Value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 4 | 7 | 10 | 15 | 30 | 60 | 200 | |||
| Dry matter (g/kg) | ||||||||||
| BB | 174bc | 184ab | 172bc | 197ab | 173bc | 142d | 181ab | 154cd | 6.79 | *** |
| AB | 256a | 220b | 203bcd | 201bcd | 207bc | 183d | 192cd | 190cd | 8.66 | *** |
| APS | 283abc | 291abc | 273cd | 286abc | 268d | 277bcd | 271cd | 258e | 4.21 | *** |
| Organic matter (g/kg DM) | ||||||||||
| BB | 849a | 840a | 826b | 828b | 821b | 3.5 | *** | |||
| AB | 912 | 927 | 912 | 912 | 916 | 9.4 | n.s. | |||
| APS | 839b | 849a | 837b | 833bc | 828c | 2.3 | *** | |||
| Ether extract (g/kg DM) | ||||||||||
| BB | 20.2b | 23.4b | 29.1a | 23.2b | 32.1a | 1.97 | ** | |||
| AB | 19.6 | 29.3 | 25.8 | 28,0 | 29.6 | 3.41 | n.s. | |||
| APS | 26.3b | 31.4ab | 35.7a | 34.7a | 34.6a | 2.22 | * | |||
| Crude protein (g/kg DM) | ||||||||||
| BB | 195a | 199a | 204a | 153c | 174b | 4.6 | *** | |||
| AB | 117b | 126b | 125b | 122b | 145a | 3.7 | *** | |||
| APS | 78.7a | 78.3a | 67.1b | 76.9a | 78.1a | 1.2 | *** | |||
| Neutral detergent fibre (g/kg DM) | ||||||||||
| BB | 395ab | 356bc | 311d | 342cd | 430a | 11.7 | *** | |||
| AB | 589a | 530ab | 510b | 541ab | 528ab | 17.1 | * | |||
| APS | 547ab | 555ab | 540b | 532b | 571a | 9.9 | ** | |||
| Acid detergent fibre (g/kg DM) | ||||||||||
| BB | 272b | 266b | 233c | 259b | 326a | 8.2 | *** | |||
| AB | 398 | 359 | 353 | 379 | 354 | 13.3 | n.s. | |||
| APS | 358ab | 365a | 361a | 336b | 374a | 7.3 | *** | |||
| Acid detergent lignin (g/kg DM) | ||||||||||
| BB | 77.9a | 65.0b | 35.1c | 35.1c | 63.4b | 3.63 | *** | |||
| AB | 131a | 81b | 80b | 84b | 89b | 6.8 | *** | |||
| APS | 84.5bc | 87.1b | 91.9b | 77.1c | 107.9a | 2.67 | *** | |||
| In vitro dry matter digestibility (g/kg DM) | ||||||||||
| BB | 888a | 829b | 857ab | 800b | 822b | 14.7 | ** | |||
| AB | 670b | 724ab | 723ab | 737ab | 769a | 23.2 | * | |||
| APS | 606b | 579c | 632a | 629ab | 615ab | 7.1 | *** | |||
| Total polyphenols (g/kg DM) | ||||||||||
| BB | 5.86c | 8.85a | 9.59a | 7.48b | 6.73ab | 0.308 | *** | |||
| AB | 1.96d | 7.60c | 10.08b | 15.29a | 7.56c | 0.734 | *** | |||
| APS | 5.02b | 5.47ab | 5.95a | 5.55ab | 4.96b | 0.240 | ** | |||
a–e Different letters in the same row indicate significant difference between days. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; n.s.: non significant.