TABLE 2.

Generic tools to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in chronic respiratory diseases

Questionnaire	Items n	Domains	Administration time	Mode of administration	Score
World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire WHOQOL-100	100	Physical health Psychological Level of independence Social relationships Environment Spiritual/religious/personal beliefs	30 min	Self-administered	Scores available for domains, facets and overall Higher scores indicate better HRQoL#
World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire WHOQOL-BREF	26	Physical health Psychological Social relationships Environment	10–15 min	Self-administered	Items answered using individualised five-point scales Each subscale is scored positively Higher scores indicate better HRQoL
EUROHIS-QOL	8	Physical health Psychological Social relationships Environment	10 min	Self-administered	Items answered using individualised five-point scales Each subscale is scored positively 0–32; higher scores indicate better HRQoL
The 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36v2)	36	Vitality Physical functioning Bodily pain General health perceptions Physical role functioning Emotional role functioning Social role functioning Mental health	Mean±sd 10±8 min	Self-administered	Higher scores indicate better HRQoL The correct calculation of SF-36 requires the use of special algorithms, which are strictly controlled by a private company¶
EuroQol 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D)	5	Mobility Self-care Usual activities Pain/discomfort Anxiety/depression Additional perceived health status measured using a VAS	5–10 min	Self-administered	Two scores, one for the five domains and another for the VAS The five domains score 1–3; higher scores indicate worse HRQoL VAS score 0–100; higher scores indicate better HRQoL
Nottingham Health Profile (NHP)	38	Physical mobility Pain Social isolation Emotional reactions Energy Sleep	5–10 min	Self-administered	0–100; higher scores indicate worse HRQoL

VAS: visual analogue scale. ^#: details on scoring are included in manuals available from the WHOQOL Group https://www.who.int/healthinfo/survey/whoqol-qualityoflife/en/index2.html; ^¶: www.optum.com/solutions/life-sciences/answer-research/patient-insights/sf-health-surveys.html.