Table 3.

Inhibition of the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 by silybin and dehydrosilybin stereomers.

Compound	TNF-α	IL-6
Silybin A	29.9 ± 1.35 c	8.4 ± 0.3 d
Silybin B	53.3 ± 0.7 f	5.2 ± 0.2 b
Silybin AB	38.7 ± 0.0 d	4.8 ± 0.3 a,b
Dehydrosilybin A	20.7 ± 0.4 a	4.2 ± 0.2 a
Dehydrosilybin B	44.2 ± 0.3 e	7.0 ± 0.1 c
Dehydrosilybin AB	26.7 ± 0.1 b	15.4 ± 0.6 e

Data represent the average of concentrations necessary to halve the release of TNF-α and IL-6 (IC₅₀, µM) of three repetitions with corresponding standard errors of the mean. The data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA, Statistica software (Tibco Software Inc., Tulsa, OK, USA)) and Duncan’s post hoc test, where the differences between groups were considered statistically significant when p < 0.05. Statistical significances are denoted by different letters.