Table 1.
Total protein (%) and free and total amino acid content (mg/g) of raw dry coffee cascara (CA) and powdered Instant Cascara beverage (IC).
| CA | IC | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Protein (%) | 9.55 ± 0.11 b | 6.25 ± 0.27 a | ||
| Amino Acids (mg/g) | Free | Total | Free | Total |
| Aminobutyric acid (GABA) | N.D. | N.A. | 0.3 ± 0.00 | N.A. |
| Glutamic acid (Glu) | N.D. | 2.13 ± 0.04 a | 0.40 ± 0.01 | 2.11 ± 0.17 a |
| Alanine (Ala) | N.D. | 2.06 ± 0.11 a | 2.27 ± 0.01 | 2.44 ± 0.05 a |
| Arginine (Arg) | N.D. | 0.48 ± 0.03 a | 1.39 ± 0.02 | 1.05 ± 0.04 b |
| Asparagine (Asp) | N.D. | 2.84 ± 0.14 a | 1.91 ± 0.05 | 7.79 ± 0.37 b |
| Cysteine (Cis) | N.D. | 0.18 ± 0.00 a | 0.17 ± 0.01 | 0.22 ± 0.02 a |
| Phenylalanine (Phe) | N.D. | 0.98 ± 0.10 a | 0.17 ± 0.01 | 0.31 ± 0.01 a |
| Glycine (Gly) | N.D. | 2.71 ± 0.17 a | 0.30 ± 0.27 | 1.19 ± 0.04 a |
| Histidine (His) | N.D. | 0.52 ± 0.10 b | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.16 ± 0.01 a |
| Isoleucine (Ile) | N.D. | 0.63 ± 0.05 b | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 0.18 ± 0.04 a |
| Leucine (Leu) | N.D. | 1.17 ± 0.03 b | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 0.27 ± 0.04 a |
| Lysine (Lys) | N.D. | 0.38 ± 0.01 a | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.21 ± 0.01 a |
| Methionine (Met) | N.D. | 0.25 ± 0.02 a | N.D. | 0.07 ± 0.04 a |
| Proline (Pro) | N.D. | 1.60 ± 0.01 a | 6.77 ± 0.02 | 4.82 ± 0.12 b |
| Serine (Ser) | N.D. | 1.91 ± 0.02 a | 5.71 ± 0.01 | 2.08 ± 0.05 a |
| Tyrosine (Tyr) | N.D. | 0.63 ± 0.05 a | N.D. | 0.68 ± 0.01 a |
| Tryptophan (Trp) | N.D. | N.A. | N.D. | N.A. |
| Threonine (Thr) | N.D. | 0.96 ± 0.03 b | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 0.35 ± 0.02 a |
| Valine (Val) | N.D. | 1.27 ± 0.02 a | 0.30 ± 0.01 | 0.60 ± 0.07 a |
| Totals (mg/g) | N.D. | 25.05 ± 0.16 a | 20.43 ± 0.37 | 29.78 ± 1.97 b |
| EAA (% total) | N.D. | 32.07 ± 0.07 b | 10.19 ± 0.01 | 13.04 ± 0.25 a |
| BCAA (Val + Leu + Ile) (% total) | N.D. | 14.83 ± 0.10 b | 1.92 ± 0.01 | 4.28 ± 0.14 a |
| AAA (Phe + Tyr + Trp) (% total) | N.D. | 7.77 ± 0.15 b | 0.8 ± 0.01 | 4.03 ± 0.00 a |
EAA, essential amino acids; BCAA, branched-chain amino acids; AAA, aromatic amino acids. N.D., not detected; N.A., not analyzed. Results are expressed as mean ± SD. Different superscript letters indicate significant differences for total protein and total amino acids (Student’s T, p < 0.05).