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Summary of specific and nonspecific effects of aerobic exercise and balanced diet on Parkinson’s disease (PD).
| Neuroprotective Agents | Specific Effects | Nonspecific Effects |
|---|---|---|
| AE | Psychomotor learning abilities Protection of dopaminergic neurons |
Ameliorating executive functions/attentional control |
| Balanced diet | Antioxidant Anti-inflammatory Neuromodulation Neuroprotection |
Global enhancement of cognitive domains efficiency |
Note: PD: Parkinson’s disease; AE: Aerobic exercise.
