. 2020 May 5;9(5):585. doi: 10.3390/foods9050585

Table 1.

Antimicrobial activity of lemongrass essential oil.

		Lemongrass Essential Oil		Citral
species	Classification	IC₅₀ [µL/L]	MIC [µL/L]	IC₅₀ [µL/L]	MIC [µL/L]
Candida famata	Fungi, Ascomycota	177 ± 19 ^a	3684 ± 271 ^c,d	37 ± 7 ^b	142 ± 19 ^b,c
Cryptococcus albidus	Fungi, Basidiomycota	199 ± 25 ^a	265 ± 31 ^a	2 ± 0 ^a	20 ± 6 ^a
Candida albicans	Fungi, Ascomycota	571 ± 109 ^a,b	2734 ± 250 ^b,c	83 ± 8 ^d,e	110 ± 15 ^b,c
Mycobacterium smegmatis	Bacteria, Gram positive	860 ± 89 ^b	3409 ± 775 ^c,d	109 ± 12 ^e	137 ± 19 ^b,c
Proteus vulgaris	Bacteria, Gram negative	992 ± 37 ^b	1453 ± 40 ^a,b	97 ± 12 ^e	163 ± 34 ^c
Staphylococcus aureus	Bacteria, Gram positive	1841 ± 199 ^c	5830 ± 198 ^e	77 ± 2 ^e	92 ± 2 ^b,c
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	Bacteria, Gram negative	2385 ± 162 ^d	5308 ± 339 ^e	41 ± 2 ^b	93 ± 8 ^b
Salmonella enterica	Bacteria, Gram negative	2626 ± 301 ^d	4693 ± 634 ^d,e	66 ± 8 ^c,d	97 ± 3 ^b,c

The data are presented as an average of eight repetitions (n) ± standard error of the mean (SEM). The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Duncan’s post hoc test (P ˃ 0.05) as indicated by the superscript letters. The letters indicate the differences between the groups within one assay. Statistically significant levels are denoted with different letters. The data are presented as the concentration (µM) that (i) halved the cell viability (IC₅₀) or (ii) reduced 90% of cell viability (MIC).