5-FU	5-fluorouracil
A1, A2A, A2B, A3	Adenosine receptors
A549	Human non-small cell lung carcinoma cell line
ACT	Dactinomycin, actinomycin D
AD	Alzheimer’s disease
ADA	Adenosine deaminase
AICART	5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide transformylase
AICAR	5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide
ALL	Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
AML	Acute myelogenous leukaemia
AMP	Adenosine monophosphate
AMPDA	Adenosine monophosphate deaminase
Ara-C	Cytarabine, cytosine arabinoside
ASA	Acetylsalicylic acid, aspirin
ATCV	Anthracyclines-taxanes-capecitabine-vinorelin
ATP	Adenosine triphosphate
AZT	Azathioprine
BBB	Blood-brain barrier
BCD	Bleomycin-cyclophosphamide-dactinomycin
C225	Cetuximab
cAMP	Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
CL1-0	Human non-small cell lung carcinoma cell line
CD73	ecto-5′-nucleotidase
CLL	Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
CMF	Cyclophosphamide-methotrexate-5-fluorouracil
CMFEV	Cyclophosphamide-methotrexate-5-fluorouracil-epirubicin or vincristine
CML	Chronic myelogenous leukaemia
CMV	Cisplatin-methotrexate-vinblastine
CNS	Central nervous system
COB	Cisplatin-Oncovin(vincristine)-bleomycin
CXH	Chering Cross Hospital
DFS	Disease-free survival
DHFR	Dihydrofolate reductase
DIA	Cisplatin-ifosfamide-doxorubicin
DMARDs	Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs
DNA	Deoxyribonucleic acid
dUMP	Deoxyuridine monophosphate
EMA	European Medicines Agency
EP-EMA	Etoposide-cisplatin + etoposiede-methotrexate-dactinomycin
EPR	Epirubicin
ER	Oestrogen receptor
FA	Folic acid
FAC	5-Fluorouracil-Adriamycin-cyclophosphamide
FAICAR	5-Formamidoimidazole- 4-carboxamide ribotide
FIGO	The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
FDA	The US Food and Drug Administration
FRs	Folate receptors
FPGS	Folylpolyglutamyl synthase
G5	Generation 5
GCS	Glucocorticosteroid
Glu	Glutamic acid
GMP	Guanosine monophosphate
GPI	Glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol
GTN	Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia
hCG	Human chorionic gonadotropin
HDMTX	High-dose methotrexate
HDMVAC	High-dose methotrexate-vinblastine-Adriamycin-cisplatin
HER2	Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2
HNSCC	Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
HSA	Human serum albumin
IDMTX	Intermediate-dose methotrexate
IFN-γ	Interferon γ
IL	Interleukin
IMP	Inosine monophosphate
i.v.	Intravenous
LDMTX	Low-dose methotrexate
LLC	Murine epidermal lung carcinoma cell line
LV	Leucovorin, folinic acid
MACT	Methotrexate and dactinomycin
MAP	Methotrexate-doxorubicin-cisplatin
MF	Mycosis fungoides
MG	Myasthenia gravis
miRNA	microRNA
MLCC	Methotrexate-leucovorin-cyclophosphamide-cytosine arabinoside
MM	Mitomycin C and methotrexate
MNP	Mitomycin C-vinorelbine-cisplatinum
M-MNP	Methotrexate-mitomycin C-vinorelbine-cisplatinum
M-MVP	Methotrexate-mitomycin C-vinblastin-cisplatin
MOAC	Methotrexate-vincristine(Oncovin)-doxorubicin(Adriamycin)-cyclophosphamide
MS	Multiple sclerosis
MTX	Methotrexate
MUL	Methotrexate-tegafur-uracil-leucovorin
MVAC	Methotrexate-vinblastine-Adriamycin-cisplatin
MVP	Mitomycin C-vinblastin-cisplatin
NHL	Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
NP	Nanoparticulate
NSAIDs	Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
NSCLC	Non-small cell lung cancer
OR	Objective response
OS	Overall survival
PABA	p-Aminobenzoic acid
PAMAM	poly(Amidoamine)
PCFT	Proton-coupled folate transporter
PCNPs	PEGylated chitosan nanoparticles
PCNSL	Primary central nervous system lymphoma
PDD	Cisplatin, cis-diammindichloridoplatin
PEG	poly(Ethylene glycol)
PEPE	polyester-co-polyether
PFS	Progression-free survival
PIS	Prognostic index score
PLA	poly(lactic acid)
PLGA	poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)
PMX	Pemetrexed
PR	Progesterone receptor
RA	Rheumatoid arthritis
R-CHOP	Rituximab-cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin-vincristine-prednisolone
RFC1	Reduced folate carrier 1
R-MAD	Rituximab-methotrexate-cytarabine-dexamethasone
R-MPV	Rituximab-methotrexate-procarbazine-vincristine
RNA	Ribonucleic acid
SCLC	Small cell lung cancer
S-SLM	Rat osteosarcoma cell line
TCC	Transitional cell carcinoma
THF	Tetrahydrofolate
TNBC	Triple-negative breast cancer
TNF-α	Tumour necrosis factor α
TYMS	Thymidylate synthase
UAPI	Uterine artery pulsatility index
UC	Urothelial cancer
WHO	World Health Organization