Table 1. Population-Weighted Characteristics of the Study Sample, Adults Aged ≥19 (n = 19,147) From the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), 2013–2016.

Characteristic	No. (Weighted %)
Age, mean (SE), y	45.6 (15.9)
Female	10,911 (50.3)
Married	16,102 (76.9)
Social risk factors
Low household incomea	8,223 (38.6)
Low level of educationb	6,085 (24.0)
Single livingc	1,852 (8.0)
Framingham risk factors (except age and sex)
Total cholesterol, mean (SE), mg/dL	189.6 (35.7)
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mean (SE), mg/dL	51.2 (12.4)
Has ever smoked	7,076 (40.3)
Has diabetes	2,240 (9.5)
Systolic blood pressure, mean (SE), mm Hg	116.7 (15.8)
Receives treatment for hypertension	3,945 (15.5)
Occurrence of a lifetime CVD eventd
Stroke	420 (1.6)
Myocardial infarction	172 (0.7)
Angina	364 (1.4)
Cumulative social risk scoree
0	8,671 (50.8)
1	5,790 (31.0)
2	3,688 (15.1)
3	998 (3.1)

Abbreviation: CVD, cardiovascular disease.

^a Participants were categorized into 4 quartiles of household income (upper, moderate, moderate-low, and low). Household income lower than the 50th percentile (ie, moderate-low and low) was categorized as low household income.

^b KNHANES asked, “What is the highest qualification you obtained from school?” Response categories were college graduate, high school graduate, middle school graduate, and elementary school graduate. Middle school graduate and elementary school graduate were classified as low level of education.

^c KNHANES asked, “How many people are cohabiting with you?” Response categories ranged from 0 to 9 persons. Respondents who reported zero people were classified as single living.

^d KNHANES asked, “Have you ever been diagnosed with [stroke, myocardial infarction, or angina] by a physician?” Respondents who answered yes were categorized as having a lifetime occurrence.

^e Possible range, 0–3: 0, no social risk factors reported; 1, 1 social risk factor reported; 2, 2 social risk factors reported; 3, 3 social risk factors reported.