Table 3. Mean Changes in Diet and Physical Activity From Baseline to 6-Month and 12-Month Follow-Up With Mean Differences Between Intervention Conditions, Among Participants Who Completed Questionnaires, The City and County of San Francisco Diabetes Prevention Program Trial, 2015–2016.
| Variable | YMCA-DPP |
VLM-DPP |
Adjusteda Mean Condition Difference (95% CI) | P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Mean (95% CI) | N | Mean (95% CI) | |||
| Food energy, kcals | ||||||
| Average effect of intervention | 6.90 (−134.7 to 148.47) | .92 | ||||
| 6 months | 63 | −157.25 (−274.19 to −40.32) | 50 | −212.24 (−364.75 to −59.73) | 9.64 (−137.2 to 156.49) | .90 |
| 12 months | 58 | −164.61 (−321.27 to −7.95) | 47 | −213.90 (−347.47 to −8.33) | 1.37 (−167.8 to 170.51) | .99 |
| Fat, g | ||||||
| Average effect of intervention | −0.26 (−6.81 to 6.28) | .94 | ||||
| 6 months | 63 | −8.06 (−13.46 to −2.65) | 50 | −10.03 (−16.82 to −3.25) | −0.60 (−7.31 to 6.11) | .86 |
| 12 months | 58 | −8.21 (−15.40 to −1.02) | 47 | −10.57 (−16.60 to −4.55) | 0.62 (−7.23 to 8.47) | .88 |
| Saturated fat, g | ||||||
| Average effect of intervention | 0.04 (−2.25 to 2.33) | .97 | ||||
| 6 months | 63 | −2.86 (−4.77 to −0.97) | 50 | −3.76 (−6.12 to −1.41) | −0.12 (−2.51 to 2.27) | .92 |
| 12 months | 58 | −3.21 (−5.71 to −0.71) | 47 | −4.12 (−6.18 to −2.05) | 0.35 (−2.33 to 3.03) | .80 |
| Moderate activity, min/wk | ||||||
| Average effect of intervention | 6.93 (−229.2 to 243.1) | .95 | ||||
| 6 months | 30 | 33.9 (−145.7 to 213.6) | 26 | −21.44 (−232.4 to 189.5) | −34.13 (−286.8 to 218. 6) | .79 |
| 12 months | 34 | 145.2 (−85.1 to 375.5) | 18 | −28.6 (−211.4 to 154.2) | 100.8 (−221.4 to 423.0) | .53 |
| Vigorous activity, min/wk | ||||||
| Average effect of intervention | −48.1 (−211.9 to 115.7) | .56 | ||||
| 6 months | 28 | 12.77 (−84.57 to 110.11) | 12 | −35.4 (−29.1 to 219.2) | −13.0 (−187.0 to 161.0) | .88 |
| 12 months | 26 | −14.62 (−121.87 to 92.64) | 13 | 3.00 (−256.4 to 316.4) | −103.6 (−292.5 to 85.3) | .28 |
| Total volume of physical activity, MET min/wk | .63 | |||||
| Average effect of intervention | 276.3 (−858.8 to 1,411.4) | .63 | ||||
| 6 months | 62 | 287.6 (−499.7 to 1,074.9) | 38 | 434.3 (−1,856.4 to 2,725.0) | −475.2 (−2,435.0 to 1,484.2) | .63 |
| 12 months | 55 | 381.6 (−393.7 to 1,156.9) | 35 | −159.8 (−1,274.1 to 954.5) | 488.8 (−724.2 to 1,701.8) | .43 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; DPP, diabetes prevention program; MET, metabolic equivalents; VLM, virtual lifestyle management.
a
Adjusted for baseline values and randomization variables: age (<50 versus ≥50 years), BMI (<30 versus ≥30 kg/m2), sex (male versus female), race/ethnicity (white, African American, Hispanic, Asian and multiracial/other), and job type (office versus not office).