Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of the Study Population (N = 12,047), by BMI and MetS Categories,a Study of MetS and Mortality Risk, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2010.
| Characteristic | Normal Weight (n = 3,223) |
Overweight (n = 4,219) |
Obese (n = 4,605) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No MetS | MetS | No MetS | MetS | No MetS | MetS | |
| No. (weighted %) of participants | 2,842 (28.4) | 381 (2.7) | 2,543 (22.8) | 1,676 (11.3) | 1,601 (13.4) | 3,004 (21.5) |
| Age, weighted mean (SE), y | 42.6 (0.5) | 57.9 (1.1) | 43.9 (0.4) | 55.3 (0.5) | 43.2 (0.6) | 49.8 (0.4) |
| Male sex, weighted % | 43.6 | 37.1 | 59.4 | 51.5 | 42.8 | 49.0 |
| Race/ethnicity, weighted % | ||||||
| Mexican American | 5.7 | 5.4 | 9.2 | 8.5 | 8.9 | 7.9 |
| Other Hispanic | 3.2 | 6.4 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 5.9 | 3.3 |
| Non-Hispanic white | 75.0 | 75.1 | 70.9 | 76.3 | 63.5 | 73.6 |
| Non-Hispanic black | 8.5 | 4.8 | 9.8 | 5.6 | 18.1 | 11.1 |
| Other or multiracial | 7.6 | 8.2 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 3.7 | 4.1 |
| Education, weighted % | ||||||
| <9th Grade | 4.7 | 9.4 | 5.4 | 11.1 | 6.5 | 7.0 |
| 9th–11th Grade | 10.6 | 18.6 | 10.6 | 13.2 | 12.5 | 14.8 |
| High school graduate | 22.8 | 30.0 | 23.4 | 30.2 | 23.6 | 28.7 |
| Some college | 29.0 | 24.4 | 30.1 | 28.9 | 33.9 | 31.3 |
| College graduate | 32.9 | 17.7 | 30.6 | 16.6 | 23.5 | 18.2 |
| Poverty-income ratio,b weighted mean (SE) | 3.2 (0.1) | 2.6 (0.1) | 3.2 (0.04) | 3.0 (0.1) | 3.0 (0.05) | 2.9 (0.05) |
| Smoking status, weighted % | ||||||
| Never | 50.8 | 45.5 | 53.7 | 46.3 | 56.4 | 50.9 |
| Former | 20.6 | 27.3 | 25.4 | 32.3 | 26.1 | 28.8 |
| Current | 28.6 | 27.2 | 20.9 | 21.4 | 17.5 | 20.3 |
| Physical activity,c weighted % | ||||||
| Inactive | 32.2 | 48.2 | 32.2 | 47.5 | 40.8 | 47.9 |
| Insufficiently active | 22.2 | 19.8 | 22.8 | 22.0 | 22.1 | 24.4 |
| Physically active | 45.7 | 32.0 | 45.0 | 30.4 | 37.1 | 27.7 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; MetS, metabolic syndrome; SE, standard error.
a
Based on standard definitions: normal weight (18.5 to <25.0 kg/m2), overweight (25.0 to <30.0 kg/m2), and obese (≥30.0 kg/m2). MetS defined as presence of ≥3 of the following 5 criteria: central or abdominal obesity (men, >40-in waist circumference; women, >35-in waist circumference), triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (men, <40 mg/dL; women, <50 mg/dL), blood pressure ≥130/85 mm Hg, and fasting glucose ≥100 mg/dL.
b
Defined as the ratio of income to the federal poverty level.