Table 1.
Cohort characteristics and observed rates of 30-day PPR during home health
| Variables | Overall Sample, n (%) | Observed Rate of RA % (95% CI) | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total cohort | 118,171 | 7.6 (7.4–7.7) | |
| Age (y) | |||
| 18–65 | 3157 (2.6) | 8.0 (7.1–9.0) | |
| 66–70 | 6055 (5.1) | 7.3 (6.7–8.0) | |
| 71–75 | 11,519 (9.8) | 7.5 (7.0–8.0) | |
| 76–80 | 19,927 (16.8) | 7.4 (7.1–7.8) | |
| 81+ | 77,513 (65.6) | 7.6 (7.4–7.8) | |
| Sex | ∥ | ||
| Male | 45,429 (38.4) | 7.8 (7.6–8.1) | |
| Female | 72,742 (61.6) | 7.4 (7.2–7.6) | |
| Race/ethnicity | ∥ | ||
| White | 94,363 (80.0) | 7.4 (7.2–7.5) | |
| Black | 13,246 (11.2) | 8.5 (8.0–8.9) | |
| Hispanic | 6876 (5.8) | 8.5 (7.8–9.2) | |
| Other | 3686 (3.1) | 7.8 (7.0–8.7) | |
| Medicare original entitlement* | ∥ | ||
| Age | 102,696 (87.0) | 7.4 (7.2–7.5) | |
| Disability | 14,977 (12.7) | 8.6 (8.2–9.1) | |
| ESRD | 203 (0.2) | 9.7 (6.2–14.5) | |
| ESRD and disability | 295 (0.2) | 15.6 (11.8–20.1) | |
| Dual eligibility† | ∥ | ||
| No | 93,329 (79.1) | 7.2 (7.1–7.4) | |
| Yes | 24,842 (21.0) | 8.8 (8.5–9.2) | |
| Dialysis during index hospitalization | ∥ | ||
| No | 118,125 (99.9) | 7.6 (7.4–7.7) | |
| Yes | 46 (0.1) | 9.6 (1.9–19.9) | |
| Index hospitalization length of stay (d) | ∥ | ||
| 1–2 | 29,003 (24.6) | 5.9 (5.6–6.1) | |
| 3 | 23,115 (19.6) | 6.4 (6.1–6.7) | |
| 4 | 17,806 (15.1) | 7.5 (7.2–7.9) | |
| 5 | 12,637 (10.7) | 8.2 (7.7–8.7) | |
| 6–7 | 15,557 (13.1) | 8.8 (8.4–9.3) | |
| 8+ | 20,053 (17.0) | 10.0 (9.6–10.4) | |
| Index hospitalization ICU/CCU utilization (d) | ∥ | ||
| 0 | 76,990 (65.2) | 7.1 (6.9–7.3) | |
| 1–2 | 15,781 (13.4) | 7.0 (6.6–7.4) | |
| 3–4 | 13,208 (11.2) | 7.8 (7.3–8.3) | |
| 5+ | 12,192 (10.3) | 10.9 (10.3–11.4) | |
| Acute stays over prior year (count) | ∥ | ||
| 0 | 63,969 (54.1) | 2.5 (2.3–2.6) | |
| 1 | 29,816 (25.2) | 9.8 (9.5–10.2) | |
| 2 | 13,079 (11.1) | 14.9 (14.3–15.5) | |
| 3 | 5794 (5.0) | 19.1 (18.1–20.1) | |
| 4+ | 5513 (4.7) | 25.2 (24.1–26.4) | |
| Mobility scores‡ | ∥ | ||
| Quartile 1 (raw score 0–25.6) | 24,837 (21.0) | 5.9 (5.6–6.2) | |
| Quartile 2 (raw score 26.1–31.7) | 40,590 (34.3) | 6.6 (6.4–6.9) | |
| Quartile 3 (raw score 32.8–45.6) | 23,075 (19.5) | 7.4 (7.1–7.7) | |
| Quartile 4 (raw score 46.7–100) | 29,669 (25.0) | 10.4 (10.0–10.7) | |
| Self-care scores‡ | ∥ | ||
| Quartile1 (raw score 0–41.0) | 28,801(24.4) | 5.8 (5.5–6.1) | |
| Quartile 2 (raw score 41.1–55.7) | 30,221 (25.6) | 6.8 (6.5–7.1) | |
| Quartile 3 (raw score 56.2–67.6) | 29,543 (25.0) | 7.3 (7.0–7.6) | |
| Quartile 4 (raw score 68.1–100) | 29,696 (25.1) | 10.4 (10.1–10.8) | |
| Cognitive status§ | ∥ | ||
| Intact (score≤5) | 17,126 (14.5) | 7.1 (6.7–7.5) | |
| Impaired (score≥5) | 101,045 (85.5) | 7.6 (7.5–7.8) | |
| Caregiver support§ | ∥ | ||
| Caregiver needs met (score≤12) | 40,762 (34.5) | 6.4 (6.2–6.6) | |
| Unmet caregiver needs (score≥12) | 77,409 (65.5) | 8.2 (8.0–8.4) |
Abbreviations: ESRD, end-stage renal disease; ICU/CCU, intensive care unit/critical care unit; RA, readmission.
*
Original reason for Medicare enrollment.
†
Eligible for Medicare and Medicaid.
‡
Mobility and self-care domains created using items from the Home Health OASIS.
§
Cognition and Social support domains were created using items from the OASIS.
∥
Significant difference in PPR at level of .01.