Figure 4.
Effect of resveratrol on the production of proinflammatory cytokines in human keratinocytes following PM treatment. (A) Protein levels of MMP-1, (B) MMP-9, and (C) IL-8 were determined using ELISA. Cells were pretreated with resveratrol (1 μM) for 6 h and subsequently incubated with PM10 (25 μg/cm2) for 24 h. Keratinocyte culture supernatants were collected and used for further analyses. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments (n = 3). * p < 0.05 vs. PM-treated, resveratrol-untreated control, PM, particulate matter, IL, interleukin, MMP, matrix metalloproteinase, ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.