Figure 2.

The potential roles of FAK and Pyk2 in vascular diseases. Integrins promote FAK and Pyk2 activation in cooperation with other cell surface proteins including cytokine receptors, growth factor receptors, G-protein coupled receptors, and ion channels. FAK and Pyk2 are major signaling mediators downstream of various signaling molecules during the initiation and continuation of intimal hyperplasia, atherosclerosis, pulmonary arterial hypertension, heart failure, aneurysm, and thrombosis. TNFR: tumor necrosis α receptor. IL1R: Interleukin-1 receptor. PDGFR: platelet-derived growth factor receptor. ⍺-adrenergic receptor: phenylephrine receptor. Piezo1: mechanosensitive ion channel.