Table 2.

Doses of EDs normalized to the same unit of measurement, and their effects on thyroid cell monolayers from different mammalian species including humans.

		FRTL 5 Rat Thyroid Cells Unspecified Karyotype [17]	Primary Human Thyroid Cells Unspecified Karyotype [22]	FRTL 5 Rat Thyroid Cells Unspecified Karyotype [23]	Human Thyroid Follicular Rpithelial Cell Line (Nthy-ori 3-1) Unspecified Karyotype [18]	TT Human Thyroid Cell Line Female Donor [19]	Human Thyroid Epithelial Cells Female Donor [20]	Primary Pig Thyroid Cells Unspecified Karyotype [24]
Phthalates µg/L	DIDP	44,600–446,000 ↑ Iodine uptake
	DOP	39,000–390,000 ↑ Iodine uptake
	DINP	41,800–418,000 ↑ Iodine uptake
	DEHP	39,000–390,000 ↑ Iodine uptake	3900 ↓cAMP		39,060–156,240 ↑ cell proliferation ↑ROS production only at 156,240 ↑TRH-R
	BBP	31,200–312,000 ↑ Iodine uptake cytotoxic effect
	DBP	80,400–804,000 cytotoxic effect
	MEHP		27,830 ↓cAMP ↓ TG cytotoxic effect
Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) µg/L	Triphenyl phosphate (TPP)			1000 ↓TG ↓TSH-R 3000–10,000 ↑ NIS 10,000 ↑ NIS ↑ TPO
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) µg/L	PCB 118						0.81–8.16 ↓ TG ↓T4 81.60–8160.55 cytotoxic effect
	PCB 126					979.26 cytotoxic effect		99.88 ↑ cytochrome P- 450 ↓ NIS