Table 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics
| Total | Daily dose at the start of the study | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 60 mg | 30 mg | ||
| N = 11 107 | N = 3066 | N = 8041 | |
| Female | 4508 (40.6) | 436 (14.2) | 4072 (50.6) |
| Age, y | |||
| Mean ± SD | 74.2 ± 10.0 | 67.5 ± 9.5 | 76.7 ± 9.0 |
| ≥75 | 5823 (52.4) | 726 (23.7) | 5097 (63.4) |
| Body weight, kg | |||
| Mean ± SD | 60.0 ± 12.7 | 71.5 ± 10.4 | 55.5 ± 10.6 |
| <40 | 369 (3.3) | 2 (0.1) | 367 (4.6) |
| 40 to 60 | 5662 (51.0) | 167 (5.4) | 5495 (68.3) |
| >60 | 4895 (44.1) | 2864 (93.4) | 2031 (25.3) |
| Unknown | 181 (1.6) | 33 (1.1) | 148 (1.8) |
| Creatinine clearance, mL/min a | |||
| Mean ± SD | 63.9 ± 25.8 | 84.8 ± 25.8 | 55.9 ± 20.8 |
| <30 | 537 (4.8) | 1 (0.0) | 536 (6.7) |
| 30 to 50 | 2928 (26.4) | 68 (2.2) | 2860 (35.6) |
| >50 to <80 | 4979 (44.8) | 1410 (46.0) | 3569 (44.4) |
| ≥80 | 2372 (21.4) | 1520 (49.6) | 852 (10.6) |
| Unknown | 291 (2.6) | 67 (2.2) | 224 (2.8) |
| Type of atrial fibrillation | |||
| Paroxysmal | 5121 (46.1) | 1429 (46.6) | 3692 (45.9) |
| Persistent (>7 days) | 4264 (38.4) | 1226 (40.0) | 3038 (37.8) |
| Permanent | 1706 (15.4) | 405 (13.2) | 1301(16.2) |
| Unknown | 16 (0.1) | 6 (0.2) | 10 (0.1) |
| Switch from other anticoagulants | |||
| Total b | 2525 (22.7) | 681 (22.2) | 1844 (22.9) |
| Warfarin | 1237 (11.1) | 318 (10.4) | 919 (11.4) |
| Rivaroxaban | 445 (4.0) | 133 (4.3) | 312 (3.9) |
| Apixaban | 362 (3.3) | 90 (2.9) | 272 (3.4) |
| Dabigatran | 316 (2.8) | 97 (3.2) | 219 (2.7) |
| Others | 166 (1.5) | 44 (1.4) | 122 (1.5) |
| Bleeding history | |||
| Intracranial bleeding | 258 (2.3) | 56 (1.8) | 202 (2.5) |
| Gastrointestinal bleeding | 175 (1.6) | 42 (1.4) | 133 (1.7) |
| Medical history/comorbidities | |||
| Hypertension | 7991 (71.9) | 2231 (72.8) | 5760 (71.6) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2587 (23.3) | 801 (26.1) | 1786 (22.2) |
| Dyslipidemia | 4020 (36.2) | 1235 (40.3) | 2785 (34.6) |
| Myocardial infarction | 425 (3.8) | 88 (2.9) | 337 (4.2) |
| Angina pectoris | 1203 (10.8) | 276 (9.0) | 927 (11.5) |
| Heart failure/left ventricular systolic dysfunction | 3009 (27.1) | 609 (19.9) | 2400 (29.8) |
| Ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack | 2290 (20.6) | 568 (18.5) | 1722 (21.4) |
| Cancer | 863 (7.8) | 195 (6.4) | 668 (8.3) |
| Gastric ulcer | 407 (3.7) | 103 (3.4) | 304 (3.8) |
| Anemia | 452 (4.1) | 54 (1.8) | 398 (4.9) |
Data are presented as number (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation.
a
Creatinine clearance was estimated using the Cockcroft & Gault equation.
b
Some overlap present.