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. 2020 Feb 28;10(5):861–877. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.02.009

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Pretreatment with TP increased the sensitivity of mice and hepatocytes upon TNF-α. (A) Experimental design to prove hypersensitivity of TP-treated mice upon TNF-α. (B) and (C) Levels of serum ALT and AST in mice treated with TP, TNF-α, or both (n = 6). (D) Representative pictures of H&E staining of liver tissues obtained from mice treated with TP, TNF-α, or both (200 ×). Scale bar = 50 μm. (E) Cell viability of L-02 cells treated with TP (25 nmol/L) and TNF-α (50 ng/mL), 6, 12 or 24 h after TNF-α treatment (n = 3). (F)–(G) Cell viability of L-02 cells treated with TP (15, 20, or 25 nmol/L) and TNF-α (ranging from five to 50 ng/mL), 24 h after TNF-α treatment (n = 3). (H) and (I) Relative LDH release and representative images of the morphology of L-02 cells treated with TP (25 nmol/L) and TNF-α (50 ng/mL), 24 h after TNF-α treatment. Scale bar = 100 μm. (J)–(M) Representative Western blots and relative intensity of protein bands of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-8, and cleaved PARP from cells treated with TP (25 nmol/L) and TNF-α (50 ng/mL), 24 h after TNF-α application, with GAPDH as the loading control (n = 5–6). Results were expressed as mean ± SEM and statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA or Two-way ANOVA following by Tukey's multiple comparison test. *, #P < 0.05, **, ##P < 0.01, ***, ###P < 0.001.