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. 2020 Mar 30;48(6):1821–1836. doi: 10.1007/s10439-020-02492-2

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(a) Location of the horizontal analysis plane in the symmetric and the asymmetric prototype. To provide visibility of the Excor membrane and the horizontal analysis plane, the housing of the blood chamber is lifted. (b) Velocity fields in horizontal analysis plane for the symmetric and asymmetric design of the CoPulse pump at the time instants mid-diastole (t_MD), end-diastole (t_ED) and end-systole (t_ES). (c) Temporal distribution of stagnation zones illustrated for the symmetric and the asymmetric design of the CoPulse pump.