Table 1.

Study Participants and Data Collection

Stakeholder level	Stakeholder participants	N‡	Type of data collection
Individual	Heart failure patients	8	Individual interview
Interpersonal	Home health aides	8	2 focus groups
	Home care agency nurses*	7	Individual interviews
	Family caregivers	3	Individual interviews
Organizational	Home care agency leaders	13	Individual interviews
	Home care agency staff†	23	5 focus groups
	Nursing agency leaders	2	Individual interviews
	Union leadership and staff	4	Individual interviews
Community	Physicians, social workers, and care coordinators	7	Individual interviews
Policy	Nonprofit organizations	5	1 focus group and individual interviews

*Home care agency nurses included nurses employed by home care agencies who are currently providing clinical care (RNs, LPNs)

†Home care agency staff included non-clinical staff members at home care agencies (administrators, care managers, operations staff)

‡Eighty participants were interviewed