Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients
| Variable | Total (n=308) | SIC (n=49) | Non-SIC (n=259) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 64.6±14.5 | 65.1±11.2 | 64.6±15.0 | 0.772 |
| Male sex | 195 (63.3) | 32 (65.3) | 163 (62.9) | 0.877 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.2±4.3 | 22.4±3.9 | 22.2±4.4 | 0.782 |
| APACHE II | 24.9±8.8 | 26.4±9.3 | 24.6±8.6 | 0.209 |
| SOFA | 9.4±3.2 | 9.7±3.2 | 9.3±3.2 | 0.378 |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Hypertension | 159 (51.6) | 25 (51.0) | 134 (51.7) | 1.000 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 108 (35.1) | 17 (34.7) | 91 (35.1) | 1.000 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 67 (21.8) | 11 (22.4) | 56 (21.6) | 1.000 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 25 (8.1) | 2 (4.1) | 23 (8.9) | 0.399 |
| Chronic liver disease | 29 (9.4) | 1 (2.0) | 28 (10.8) | 0.097 |
| Cancer | 83 (26.9) | 16 (32.7) | 67 (25.9) | 0.420 |
| Heart failure | 8 (2.6) | 4 (8.2) | 4 (1.5) | 0.029 |
| Coronary artery disease | 30 (9.7) | 7 (14.3) | 23 (8.9) | 0.364 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 42 (13.6) | 6 (12.2) | 36 (13.9) | 0.934 |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 2.8±2.2 | 3.2±2.1 | 2.8±2.2 | 0.231 |
| Acute kidney injury | 73 (23.7) | 14 (28.6) | 59 (22.8) | 0.490 |
| ARDS | 28 (9.1) | 8 (16.3) | 20 (7.7) | 0.099 |
| Septic shock | 295 (95.8) | 49 (100.0) | 246 (95.0) | 0.224 |
| Blood culture (+) | 113 (36.7) | 22 (44.9) | 91 (35.1) | 0.255 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 200 (64.9) | 36 (73.5) | 164 (63.3) | 0.229 |
| Vital sign on admission | ||||
| SBP (mm Hg) | 90.0±22.3 | 83.9±18.3 | 91.1±22.8 | 0.039 |
| MAP (mm Hg) | 66.7±15.4 | 64.3±15.3 | 67.1±15.4 | 0.249 |
| HR (bpm) | 103.0±27.9 | 109.6±28.9 | 101.7±27.6 | 0.071 |
| Use of vasopressor and inotrope | ||||
| None | 13 (4.2) | 0 | 15 (5.1) | 0.224 |
| Norepinephrine | 262 (85.1) | 44 (89.8) | 247 (84.3) | 0.420 |
| Dobutamine | 3 (0.9) | 2 (4.1) | 1 (0.4) | 0.105 |
| Primary focus of infection | 0.507 | |||
| Pulmonary | 155 (50.3) | 29 (59.2) | 126 (48.6) | |
| GI tract | 43 (14.0) | 3 (6.1) | 40 (15.4) | |
| Urogenital | 35 (11.4) | 7 (14.3) | 28 (10.8) | |
| Pancreatobiliary | 25 (8.1) | 2 (4.1) | 23 (8.9) | |
| Soft tissue/bone | 17 (5.5) | 4 (8.2) | 13 (5.0) | |
| Liver | 9 (2.9) | 1 (2.0) | 8 (3.1) | |
| Kidney | 6 (1.9) | 1 (2.0) | 5 (1.9) | |
| Miscellaneous | 18 (5.8) | 2 (4.1) | 16 (6.2) | |
| Laboratory parameter | ||||
| WBC (103/µl) | 15.1±10.4 | 12.9±10.3 | 15.5±10.4 | 0.117 |
| Platelet (103/µl) | 159.2±120.4 | 162.6±139.1 | 158.5±116.8 | 0.831 |
| Serum albumin (g/dl) | 2.5±0.5 | 2.4±0.5 | 2.5±0.5 | 0.032 |
| Serum bilirubin (mg/dl) | 2.0±3.8 | 1.2±1.4 | 2.1±4.1 | 0.008 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dl) | 2.1±1.9 | 2.0±1.8 | 2.1±2.0 | 0.757 |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 4.0±4.1 | 3.8±3.4 | 4.0±4.3 | 0.826 |
| CRP | 146.3±116.2 | 192.4±134.2 | 137.5±110.6 | 0.002 |
| Procalcitonin (ng/ml) | 17.5±33.0 | 23.9±35.5 | 16.2±32.4 | 0.135 |
| DNI (%) | 11.0±15.1 | 13.9±18.9 | 10.5±14.2 | 0.224 |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%).
SIC: sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy; BMI: body mass index; APACHE: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome; SBP: systolic blood pressure; MAP: mean arterial pressure; HR: heart rate; GI: gastrointestinal; WBC: white blood cell; CRP: C-reactive protein; DNI: delta neutrophil index.