Table 1.

Common and potent antiviral drugs.

Author	Drugs	Therapy Strategy Categories	Mechanisms of Therapy	Status
[14,39,40]	Chloroquine phosphate/ hydroxychloroquine	Anti-malaria anti-viral anti-inflammatory	Increasing endosomal pH, interfering with the glycosylation of cellular receptors of SARS-CoV-2, immunomodulator	FDA approved to be used in an emergency situation, implemented in many treatment protocols
[41]	Remdesivir	Antiviral drug (Nucleoside analogue)	Interfering with the viral replication	Investigational antiviral, clinical trials are in progress
[42]	Baricitinib	Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) drug, AP2-associated protein kinase 1 (AAK1) inhibitor	Interfering with viral entry by inhibiting one of the endocytosis regulators	FDA approved
[43]	lopinavir/ritonavir	HIV protease inhibitor	Could act by inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 protease for proteins cleavage, interfering with virus replication	FDA approved
[44]	Darunavir	HIV protease inhibitor	Could act by inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 protease for proteins cleavage, interfering with virus replication	FDA approved
[45]	Camostat Mesylate	Transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2) inhibitor	Interfering with viral entry	Japan approved
[46]	Favipiravir	Nucleoside analog	Binds to the viral RdRp and reduce its reproduction	Investigational
[47]	Cepharanthie, Selamectin, and mefloquine hydrochloride	Anti-viral Anti-inflammatory activities	Significantly reduced cytopathic effects of SARS-CoV-2, and decrease the viral load	Investigational
[48]	Ivermectin	Anti-parasite	Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro	FDA approved