CCPRS correlates with more advanced clinicopathological features and predicts worse CSS. (A,C,E,G) Overview of heatmaps depicted associations between CCPRS and different clinicopathological features in each cohort. (B,D,F,H) Patients with higher CCPRS exhibited worse CSS in each cohort. (I) Meta-analysis on four cohorts included. (J) Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that BCa patients with higher CCPRS Z-scores exhibited significantly worse CSS compared to lower scores in the pooled cohort of 587 patients. (K) CCPRS Z-scores were significantly elevated in those patients who died during follow-up, with progressively increasing Z-scores as survival time decreased (p < 0.0001). (L) Multivariate Cox regression analysis on a total of 284 patients with full-scale information including CCPRS, gender, grade, age, lymph node metastasis (LNM) and muscle-invasive (MI) status, and results indicated CCPRS was an independent risk factor for CSS along with MI and LNM.