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Guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-guanosine triphosphate (GTP) exchange cycle of Rho GTPases. Classic Rho GTPases, such as Rho, Rac, and Cdc42 subfamilies, follow GDP/GTP cycling regulated by Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), Rho GTPase-activating proteins (RhoGAPs), and Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDIs). Rnd and RhoBTB subfamilies cannot be accelerated by RhoGAPs. The RhoU/RhoV and RhoD/RhoF subfamilies have high intrinsic GTP/GDP exchange activity.
