. 2020 Apr 27;10(5):81. doi: 10.3390/membranes10050081

Table 2.

The precipitation of insoluble calcium carbonates. The activity products (IAP) and the solubility products K_sp (at 37 °C) are obtained from the literature.

	Formula	Activity Product (Q)	Solubility Product, K_sp at 37 °C	Ref.
Calcite	CaCO₃	{Ca²⁺} {CO₃²⁻}	3.31 × 10⁻⁹ *	[75]
Calcite	CaCO₃	{Ca²⁺} {CO₃²⁻}	3.27 × 10⁻⁹ to 4.02 × 10⁻⁹	[93]
Aragonite	CaCO₃	{Ca²⁺} {CO₃²⁻}	4.57 × 10⁻⁹ *	[75]
Aragonite	CaCO₃	{Ca²⁺} {CO₃²⁻}	4.67 × 10⁻⁹ to 5.41 × 10⁻⁹	[93]
Varietite	CaCO₃	{Ca²⁺} {CO₃²⁻}	1.23 × 10⁻⁸ *	[75]
Varietite	CaCO₃	{Ca²⁺} {CO₃²⁻}	1.18 × 10⁻⁸ to 1.84 × 10⁻⁸	[93]
Ikaite	CaCO₃·6H₂O	{Ca²⁺} {CO₃²⁻}	2.40 × 10⁻⁷ *	[94]
Ikaite	CaCO₃·6H₂O	{Ca²⁺} {CO₃²⁻}	3.50 × 10⁻⁷	[95]
Monohydro-calcite	CaCO₃·H₂O	{Ca²⁺} {CO₃²⁻}	7.09 × 10⁻⁸ *	[96]
Monohydro-calcite	CaCO₃·H₂O	{Ca²⁺} {CO₃²⁻}	2.51 × 10⁻⁸	[97]
ACC	CaCO₃·nH₂O	{Ca²⁺} {CO₃²⁻}	9.09 × 10⁻⁷ *	[94]
ACC	(n < 1)	{Ca²⁺} {CO₃²⁻}	3.98 × 10⁻⁷	[98]

* Values used in the calculations presented in this work.