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. 2020 May 12;9(5):369. doi: 10.3390/pathogens9050369

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Factors produced by B. abortus–infected macrophages stimulate cytokine production by endometrial cells. Decidualized T-HESC cells were stimulated or not (NS) with conditioned media from B. abortus-infected macrophages (CM Inf) or from uninfected macrophages (CM NI) at different dilutions (1/2, 1/5 or 1/10), and 24 h later culture supernatants were harvested to measure IL-6 (a), MCP-1 (b) and IL-8 (c) levels. In parallel experiments, CM Inf was preincubated with a TNF-α neutralizing antibody or an isotype control before addition to cells, or T-HESC were preincubated with the natural antagonist of the IL-1 receptor (IL-1Ra) before stimulation with CM Inf, and cytokine levels were measured as described. Results are expressed as mean ± SD from three independent experiments run in duplicates. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001, ns: non-significant. Asterisks over bars indicate differences versus NS.

Factors produced by B. abortus–infected macrophages stimulate cytokine production by endometrial cells. Decidualized T-HESC cells were stimulated or not (NS) with conditioned media from B. abortus-infected macrophages (CM Inf) or from uninfected macrophages (CM NI) at different dilutions (1/2, 1/5 or 1/10), and 24 h later culture supernatants were harvested to measure IL-6 (a), MCP-1 (b) and IL-8 (c) levels. In parallel experiments, CM Inf was preincubated with a TNF-α neutralizing antibody or an isotype control before addition to cells, or T-HESC were preincubated with the natural antagonist of the IL-1 receptor (IL-1Ra) before stimulation with CM Inf, and cytokine levels were measured as described. Results are expressed as mean ± SD from three independent experiments run in duplicates. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001, ns: non-significant. Asterisks over bars indicate differences versus NS.