Table 6.
Association between selected plasma biomarkers and freedom of liver recurrence (FLR), disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in hepatocellular carcinoma patients outside Milan criteria who underwent surgical treatments. p-value from Wald test in a univariable Cox regression using log-transformed covariates.
| Biomarkers/ Outcome |
FLR | DFS | OS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) (n) | p-Value | HR (95% CI) (n) | p-Value | HR (95% CI) (n) | p-Value | |
| LT | ||||||
| sVEGFR1 | 1.00 (0.54, 1.83) (17) | 0.99 | 1.00 (0.68, 1.47) (17) | 0.99 | 0.89 (0.57, 1.41) (17) | 0.62 |
| VEGF | 2.00 (0.86, 4.65) (17) | 0.11 | 1.53 (0.94, 2.49) (17) | 0.085 | 1.34 (0.81, 2.23) (17) | 0.25 |
| VEGF-C | 127.32 (0.20, 80,654) (17) | 0.14 | 6.15 (1.60, 23.62) (17) | 0.0082 | 5.41 (1.42, 20.64) (17) | 0.014 |
| IFN-γ | 0.48 (0.15, 1.55) (17) | 0.22 | 0.75 (0.37, 1.50) (17) | 0.42 | 0.72 (0.34, 1.54) (17) | 0.40 |
| IL-6 | 1.07 (0.73, 1.59) (17) | 0.72 | 1.14 (0.91, 1.44) (17) | 0.26 | 1.06 (0.82,1.38) (17) | 0.65 |
| IL-8 | 1.31 (0.53, 3.24) (17) | 0.57 | 1.36 (0.79, 2.34) (17) | 0.26 | 1.30 (0.73, 2.29) (17) | 0.37 |
| IL-10 | 0.98 (0.61, 1.58) (17) | 0.93 | 1.02 (0.77, 1.34) (17) | 0.91 | 0.91 (0.64, 1.28) (17) | 0.58 |
| AFP | 0.71 (0.21, 2.36) (13) | 0.57 | 1.18 (0.57, 2.45) (13) | 0.65 | 1.60 (0.67, 3.83) (13) | 0.29 |
| LR | ||||||
| sVEGFR1 | 0.80 (0.45, 1.42) (25) | 0.44 | 1.06 (0.80, 1.39) (25) | 0.69 | 1.43 (0.97, 2.10) (25) | 0.073 |
| VEGF | 1.26 (0.74, 2.14) (25) | 0.39 | 0.97 (0.71, 1.32) (25) | 0.84 | 0.78 (0.52, 1.16) (25) | 0.22 |
| VEGF-C | 1.03 (0.47, 2.27) (25) | 0.94 | 1.03 (0.56, 1.90) (25) | 0.92 | 1.19 (0.60, 2.35) (25) | 0.61 |
| IFN-γ | 0.93 (0.52, 1.65) (25) | 0.81 | 0.99 (0.61, 1.59) (25) | 0.96 | 1.26 (0.73, 2.16) (25) | 0.40 |
| IL-6 | 1.33 (0.91, 1.94) (25) | 0.15 | 1.23 (0.91, 1.66) (25) | 0.17 | 1.13 (0.80, 1.58) (25) | 0.49 |
| IL-8 | 1.59 (0.93, 2.71) (25) | 0.093 | 1.53 (0.99, 2.36) (25) | 0.054 | 1.35 (0.78, 2.34) (25) | 0.28 |
| IL-10 | 1.09 (0.67, 1.78) (25) | 0.79 | 1.38 (0.99, 1.92) (25) | 0.060 | 1.56 (1.07, 2.27) (25) | 0.021 |
| AFP | 0.82 (0.37, 1.82) (15) | 0.63 | 1.05 (0.54, 2.06) (15) | 0.88 | 1.24 (0.66, 2.32) (15) | 0.50 |
AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; LR liver resection; LT, liver transplantation; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; VEGFR, VEGF receptor.