Table 1.

Anticancer activity of Pheophorbide a against different cancer cell lines, with/without photodynamic therapy.

Source of Pheophorbide a	Investigated Activity	Target Cells	Pathway Involved	Active Concentration	References
Extract from Neptunia Oleracea	The inhibition of Burkitt Lymphoma tumor-promoter induced EBV	Burkitt Lymphoma (Raji Cells)		IC50 3.3 µM; With or without PDT.	[30]
Extract from Scutellaria Barbata	Antiproliferative-activity	Hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep3B)	Extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathway	IC50 1.5 µM at 48 h; With PDT.	[33]
Purchase Frontier Scientific	Antiproliferative activity	Uterine sarcoma (MES-SA)	Intrinsic apoptotic pathway	IC50 0.5 µM at 24 h; With PDT.	[34]
Purchase Frontier Scientific	Multidrug Resistance	Resistant Human Hepatoma cell (R-HepG2)	JNK pathway	IC50 0.6 µM at 24 h; With PDT.	[35]
Purchase Frontier Scientific	Antiproliferative activity	Human breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231)	JNK pathway	IC50 0.5 µM at 24 h; With PDT	[36]
Purchase Frontier Scientific	Antiproliferative activity	Human Breast tumor (MCF-7)	Extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathway	IC50 0.5 µM at 24 h; With PDT	[37]
Extract from Scutellaria Barbata	Antiproliferative activity	Human oral squamous cell carcinoma (YD10B)	Inactivating ERK pathway	IC50 0.5 µM at 24 h; With PDT	[38]
Synthetized from chlorophyll-a	Anticancer activity	Murine oral squamous cell carcinoma (AT-84) and CH3 mice	Apoptotic pathway	IC50 0.25 µM at 24 h; With PDT	[39]
Extract from Grateloupia elliptica	Glioblastoma specific-antiproliferative	Glioblastoma cells (U87MG)	Apoptotic pathway	IC50 2.8 µg/mL at 24 h; Without PDT	[40]