Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of studies included in this review.
| Authors, country | Study population (sample size) | Study design | Anthropometric used | Criteria | Prevalence of obesity | Risk factors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Al-Lahham et al. [18], Palestine | Schoolchildren (N = 1320) | Cross-sectional | BMI percentiles | CDC | 15.7% | Urban residence and high waist circumferences |
| Golshevsky et al. [30], Australia | Children (N = 343) | Cross-sectional | BMI percentiles | CDC | No prevalence | Watching television, obstructive sleep and sleep apnea |
| Gokosmanoglu et al. [26], Turkey | Adolescent (N = 750) | Cross-sectional | BMI | WHO | 4% | Irregular physical exercise, family history of obesity and consuming pastry foods |
| Chomba et al. [39], Tanzania | Schoolchildren (N = 451) | Cross-sectional | BMI percentile | WHO | 12.6% | Being a girl, random sleeping time and random eating habit |
| Baratin et al. [40], Ghanaians | Adults (N = 5898) | Cross-sectional | BMI | WHO | No prevalence | Negative life events and stress at work place |
| Baalwa et al. [10], Uganda | Adults (N = 683) | Cross-sectional | BMI | WHO | 2.3% | Urban residence, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical inactiveness, using vehicle for transport and richness |
| Addo et al. [14], Ghana | Adults (N = 180) | Cross-sectional | BMI | WHO | 17.8% | Being physically inactive, consumption of alcohol, being married, female, older age |
| Karki et al. [41], Nepal | Schoolchildren (N = 575) | Cross sectional | BMI for age-sex | WHO | 7.1% | Children mothers' high education level, having professional mother, consuming energy-dense food, having sedentary behaviors |
| Ganle et al. [11], Ghana | School children (N = 285) | Cross-sectional | BMI | WHO | 21.2% | Being aged 11–16, family high education level and consumption of fizzy drinks |
| Firouzbakht et al. [17], Iran | Female (N = 680) | Cross-sectional | BMI | WHO | 51.2% | Weak structural social capital |
| Adom et al. [9], Africa | Children (N = 89468) | Systematic review and meta-analysis | WHO/CDC/IOTF | 6.1%, 6.9%, 4% | Urban residence and learning in private school | |
| Al Kibria et al. [6], India | Women (N = 647, 168) | Cross-sectional | BMI | WHO | 5.1% | Older age, ever-pregnant, ever married, being muslims, high education level, wealthy and urban residence |
| Al-Raddadi et al. [7], Saudi Arabia | Adult (N = 1419) | Cross-sectional | BMI | WHO | 34.8% | No factor identified |
| Narciso et al. [15] | Adolescent (N = ) | Systematic review | Genetic factors and socioeconomic factors | |||
| Sagbo et al. [27], Togo | Adolescent (N = 634) | Cross-sectional | BMI | IOTF | 1.9% | Watching television, medium dietary diversity score |
| Hu et al. [20], China | Adult (N = 15364) | Cross-sectional | BMI | WHO | 7.9% | Urban residence |