Table 3.
Demographic, body composition, and functional characteristics of the nonsarcopenic older adults and those with sarcopenia defined by different cutoff points from the 2010 EWGSOP criteria.
| Variables | Definition I | Definition II | Definition III | Definition IV | Definition V | Definition VI | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-SOA (n = 207) | SOA (n = 10) | Non-SOA (n = 199) | SOA (n = 18) | Non-SOA (n = 128) | SOA (n = 89) | Non-SOA (n = 180) | SOA (n = 37) | Non-SOA (n = 172) | SOA (n = 45) | Non-SOA (n = 160) | SOA (n = 57) | |
| Age, y | 71.4 ± 6.8 | 79.0 ± 6.4∗ | 71.4 ± 6.8 | 76.1 ± 6.9∗ | 70.1 ± 6.8 | 74.1 ± 6.4∗ | 70.9 ± 6.7∗ | 76.1 ± 6.5∗ | 70.8 ± 6.7 | 75.4 ± 6.3∗ | 71.1 ± 6.8 | 73.5 ± 7.1∗ |
| BW, kg | 72.4 ± 13.0 | 55.3 ± 12.7∗ | 73.0 ± 12.4 | 55.5 ± 9.6∗ | 75.6 ± 11.8 | 65.8 ± 12.7∗ | 74.2 ± 11.7 | 58.7 ± 11.9∗ | 74.7 ± 11.5 | 59.5 ± 11.6∗ | 75.3 ± 11.4 | 60.9 ± 11.7∗ |
| Height, m | 1.6 ± 0.09 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 1.59 ± 0.09 | 1.57 ± 0.1∗ | 1.59 ± 0.1 | 1.59 ± 0.1 | 1.59 ± 0.1 | 1.57 ± 0.1 | 1.59 ± 0.1 | 1.58 ± 0.1 | 1.59 ± 0.1 | 1.59 ± 0.1 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.5 ± 4.5 | 21.8 ± 3.3∗ | 28.7 ± 4.4 | 22.1 ± 2.9∗ | 29.8 ± 4.4 | 25.7 ± 3.8∗ | 29.1 ± 4.3 | 23.5 ± 3.0∗ | 29.4 ± 4.2 | 23.5 ± 3.0∗ | 29.7 ± 4.1 | 23.8 ± 3.2∗ |
| FM, kg | 28.6 ± 8.0 | 20.0 ± 6.6∗ | 28.8 ± 8.0 | 20.7 ± 5.8∗ | 30.2 ± 8.0 | 25.2 ± 7.6∗ | 29.4 ± 7.9 | 22.1 ± 6.1∗ | 29.9 ± 7.8 | 21.7 ± 6.0∗ | 30.2 ± 7.7 | 22.3 ± 6.5∗ |
| FFM, kg | 42.6 ± 8.5 | 34.5 ± 7.2∗ | 42.9 ± 8.5 | 34.1 ± 5.7∗ | 44.2 ± 8.5 | 39.5 ± 8.0∗ | 43.6 ± 8.3 | 35.7 ± 7.3∗ | 43.7 ± 8.3 | 36.9 ± 7.6∗ | 43.9 ± 8.5 | 37.7 ± 7.6∗ |
| ASM, kg | 15.7 ± 3.6 | 12.4 ± 2.7∗ | 15.9 ± 3.6 | 12.1 ± 2.2∗ | 16.5 ± 3.7 | 14.3 ± 3.2∗ | 16.1 ± 3.6 | 12.8 ± 2.9∗ | 16.2 ± 3.6 | 13.3 ± 3.1∗ | 16.3 ± 3.6 | 13.6 ± 3.1∗ |
| ASMI, kg/m2 | 6.1 ± 0.90 | 4.9 ± 0.21∗ | 6.2 ± 0.86 | 4.8 ± 0.5∗ | 6.4 ± 0.8 | 5.5 ± 0.8∗ | 6.2 ± 0.85 | 5.1 ± 0.6∗ | 6.3 ± 0.83 | 5.2 ± 0.7∗ | 6.3 ± 0.8 | 5.3 ± 0.71∗ |
| FMI, kg/m2 | 16.0 ± 4.3 | 14.5 ± 3.0 | 16.0 ± 4.4 | 15.1 ± 3.2 | 16.3 ± 4.5 | 15.4 ± 3.9 | 16.0 ± 4.4 | 15.6.7 ± 3.4 | 16.2 ± 4.4 | 14.9 ± 3.7 | 16.4 ± 4.3 | 14.8 ± 3.8∗ |
| WC, cm | 96.9 ± 11.5 | 85.1 ± 13.8∗ | 97.6 ± 11.1 | 82.9 ± 11.6∗ | 98.9 ± 10.7 | 92.6 ± 12.5∗ | 98.3 ± 10.8 | 86.9 ± 11.9∗ | 98.9 ± 10.6 | 86.8 ± 11.5∗ | 99.5 ± 10.4 | 87.7 ± 11.5∗ |
| BMC, kg | 1.9 ± 0.47 | 1.7 ± 0.43 | 1.98 ± 0.5 | 1.6 ± 0.4∗ | 2.0 ± 0.5 | 1.9 ± 0.5∗ | 2.0 ± 0.5 | 1.7 ± 0.5∗ | 2.0 ± 0.46 | 1.8 ± 0.5∗ | 2.00 ± 0.5 | 1.82 ± 0.5∗ |
| HGS, kg | 23.7 ± 8.6 | 17.7 ± 6.3∗ | 23.9 ± 8.6 | 18.3 ± 5.2∗ | 24.6 ± 9.4 | 21.8 ± 6.9∗ | 24.4 ± 8.8 | 19.1 ± 5.1∗ | 24.1 ± 8.8 | 21.1 ± 6.9∗ | 23.7 ± 8.9 | 22.7 ± 7.4 |
| GS, m/s | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 |
| SPPB, score | 8.0 ± 1.7 | 7.4 ± 1.6 | 8.0 ± 1.7 | 7.8 ± 1.0 | 8.3 ± 1.9 | 7.5 ± 1.3∗ | 8.1 ± 1.7 | 7.4 ± 1.4∗ | 8.1 ± 1.8 | 7.4 ± 1.3∗ | 8.0 ± 1.8 | 7.9 ± 1.6 |
| ADL, % | 1.9 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 0.0 | 2.3 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 0.0 |
| IADL, % | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.0 |
| Gender, % | ||||||||||||
| Men | 65.7 | 60.0 | 35.2 | 27.8 | 69.5 | 59.5 | 34.4 | 35.1 | 32.6 | 42.2 | 31.2 | 43.9 |
| Women | 34.3 | 40.0 | 64.8 | 72.2 | 30.5 | 40.5 | 65.6 | 64.9 | 67.4 | 57.8 | 68.8 | 56.1 |
| SES, % | ||||||||||||
| High | 13.5 | 10.0 | 13.6 | 11.1 | 13.3 | 13.5 | 13.9 | 10.8 | 13.4 | 13.3 | 13.1 | 14.0 |
| Medium | 49.3 | 30.0 | 49.8 | 33.3 | 49.2 | 47.2 | 49.4 | 43.2 | 50.0 | 44.4 | 35.6 | 45.6 |
| Low | 37.2 | 60.0 | 36.7 | 55.6 | 37.5 | 39.3 | 36.7 | 46.0 | 36.6 | 44.4 | 35.6 | 45.6 |
| Schooling, % | ||||||||||||
| HS | 50.2 | 50.0 | 49.8 | 55.6 | 53.1 | 46.1 | 51.1 | 46.0 | 50.6 | 48.9 | 48.8 | 54.4 |
| HS or less | 49.8 | 50.0 | 50.2 | 44.4 | 46.9 | 53.9 | 48.9 | 54.0 | 49.4 | 51.1 | 51.2 | 45.6 |
Non-SOA, nonsarcopenic older adults; SOA, sarcopenic older adults; BW, body weight; BMI, body mass index; FM, fat mass; FFM, fat-free mass; ASM, appendicular skeletal muscle mass; ASMI, appendicular skeletal muscle mass index; FMI, fat mass index; WC, waist circumference; BMC, bone mineral content; HGS, hand grip strength; GS, gait speed; SPPB, short physical performance battery; ADL, activities of daily living; IADL, instrumental activities of daily living; SES, socioeconomic status; HS, high school.