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. 2020 Apr 28;12(5):1257. doi: 10.3390/nu12051257

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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NMR spectroscopy of fecal samples: Peaks were annotated automatically (A,B) or manually using reference spectra (C). (A) Principle component analysis of metabolite profiles by study period indicates a small shift during the PHGG intervention. (B) Butyrate and acetate contribute most to the changes seen in A. (C) Targeted analysis of SCFA levels in fecal samples reveals sex-dependent changes over time, with most significant effects at the beginning of the intervention period. Pairwise Wilcoxon tests with Bonferroni correction.