Table 1.

Articles relating to patient education−5 papers.

References	Paper type and case number	Area of urology	Application	Reported outcomes and limitations	Cost and time to produce model
Wake et al. (2)	Case series (n = 127)	Prostate Cancer and Renal Cancer	Radical prostatectomy and partial nephrectomy	Improved 5-point Likert scale survey on understanding of disease and surgical procedure Patients were counseled twice if using a 3D adjunct	Not reported
Schmit et al. (10)	Pilot study (n = 25)	Renal Cancer	Renal cryoablation	No significant improvement in patient anatomical or procedural knowledge compared to control High perceived value by patients	$400 40 h
Teishima et al. (9)	Case series (n = 29)	Renal cancer	Partial nephrectomy	Improved understanding of anatomy and tumor relationships for patient and family. Procedure understanding improved only in patient.	Not reported
Atalay et al. (8)	Pilot study (n = 5)	Renal stones	PCNL	Improved questionnaire scores on understanding of kidney anatomy, stone position and surgical procedure No control group. Duplicated explanation with 3D-model	$100 2 h
Bernard et al. (7)	Pilot study (n = 7)	Renal cancer	Partial nephrectomy	Improved questionnaire-assessed understanding of physiology, anatomy, tumor characteristics and planned surgical procedure No control group. Duplicated explanation with 3D-model	$560