Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and physiological parameters before cord occlusion, at end of asphyxia and 15 min after resuscitation and ventilation protocol started.
| IV-Adrenaline (n = 6) | ET-Adrenaline (n = 5) | Nasal-Adrenaline (n = 6) | IV-Saline (n = 5) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weight (kg) | 4.2 ± 0.3 | 4.0 ± 0.3 | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 3.9 ± 0.3 | NS |
| Female: Male | 3:3 | 2:3 | 3:3 | 3:2 | NS |
| BEFORE CORD OCCLUSION (FETAL VALUES) | |||||
| Heart rate (BPM) | 138 ± 8 | 135 ± 4 | 157 ± 4 | 155 ± 10 | NS |
| Mean arterial BP (mmHg) | 47.7 ± 2.6 | 51.4 ± 3.9 | 53.5 ± 2.5 | 52.2 ± 2.0 | NS |
| pH | 7.24 ± 0.03 | 7.26 ± 0.01 | 7.20 ± 0.02 | 7.27 ± 0.03 | NS |
| BE (mmol/L) | −4.9 ± 2.0 | −2.9 ± 1.6 | −4.4 ± 0.9 | −2.7 ± 1.7 | NS |
| PaO2 (mmHg) | 17.2 ± 1.8 | 17.8 ± 2.1 | 18.8 ± 2.1 | 16.9 ± 1.3 | NS |
| SaO2 (%) | 39.4 ± 5.0 | 40.4 ± 5.9 | 39.4 ± 6.4 | 47.2 ± 6.9 | NS |
| PaCO2 (mmHg) | 54.0 ± 3.4 | 56.1 ± 2.0 | 63.2 ± 2.4 | 54.7 ± 2.8 | NS |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 5.5 ± 1.5 | 4.1 ± 0.5 | 4.5 ± 0.4 | 5.8 ± 0.8 | NS |
| AT END OF ASPHYXIA | |||||
| Heart rate (BPM) | 66 ± 11 | 36 ± 6 | 41 ± 8 | 41 ± 11 | NS |
| Mean arterial BP (mmHg) | 4.9 ± 1.2 | 6.7 ± 1.1 | 6.6 ± 1.2 | 5.1 ± 1.2 | NS |
| pH | 6.90 ± 0.01a | 6.88 ± 0.02ab | 6.83 ± 0.02b | 6.93 ± 0.01a | <0.05 |
| BE (mmol/L) | −16.9 ± 0.9 | −15.9 ± 1.2 | −17.8 ± 0.7 | −15.5 ± 0.7 | NS |
| PaO2 (mmHg) | 3.2 ± 0.6a | 2.9 ± 0.2a | 5.4 ± 0.5b | 2.7 ± 0.7a | <0.05 |
| SaO2 (%) | 3.5 ± 0.5a | 3.9 ± 0.7ab | 6.4 ± 0.7b | 7.9 ± 3.5ab | <0.05 |
| PaCO2 (mmHg) | 111 ± 6.4 | 118 ± 3.3 | 124 ± 5.2 | 108 ± 3.4 | NS |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 11.7 ± 0.8 | 11.2 ± 0.4 | 11.9 ± 0.2 | 12.9 ± 1.1 | NS |
| 15 MIN AFTER STARTING RESUSCITATION PROTOCOL | |||||
| Heart rate (BPM) | 197 ± 15 | 170 ± 43 | 186 ± 18 | 210 ± 11 | NS |
| Mean Arterial BP (mmHg) | 81.2 ± 3.7 | 68.8 ± 15.4 | 68.7 ± 6.1 | 54.8 ± 7.8 | NS |
| pH | 7.20 ± 0.04 | 7.00 ± 0.07 | 7.05 ± 0.11 | 7.11 ± 0.05 | NS |
| BE (mmol/L) | −14.3 ± 1.1a | −21.2 ± 1.5b | −17.9 ± 0.7ab | −17.7 ± 1.2ab | <0.05 |
| PaO2 (mmHg) | 210 ± 88 | 210 ± 80 | 166 ± 40 | 306 ± 87 | NS |
| SaO2 (%) | 98.3 ± 0.5 | 87.4 ± 9.6 | 90.1 ± 7.6 | 95.1 ± 3.3 | NS |
| PaCO2 (mmHg) | 33.0 ± 5.3 | 49.1 ± 10.2 | 54.7 ± 15.9 | 38.2 ± 4.9 | NS |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 10.3 ± 1.2 | 11.5 ± 1.1 | 11.9 ± 0.8 | 12.6 ± 0.7 | NS |
Values are presented as mean ± SEM. p-values >0.05 are considered not significant (NS). Values that do not share a common letter (a,b) are significantly different from each other p < 0.05. BPM beats per minute, BP blood pressure, BE base excess, PaO2 arterial partial pressure of oxygen, PaCO2 arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide, SaO2 arterial oxygen saturation, ET endotracheal, IV intravenous.