Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics
| Variables | All | Calcium-phosphate product at hospital admission (mg2/dL2) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <21 | 21-<27 | 27-<33 | 33-<39 | 39-<45 | ≥45 | P | ||
| n | 14772 | 1162 | 2219 | 3875 | 3631 | 2046 | 1839 | |
| Age (years) | 62±18 | 60±18 | 63±17 | 63±17 | 61±18 | 60±18 | 60±18 | <0.001 |
| Male | 7937 (54) | 565 (49) | 1251 (56) | 2116 (55) | 1902 (52) | 1041 (51) | 1062 (58) | <0.001 |
| Race | ||||||||
| Caucasian | 13391 (91) | 1041 (90) | 2050 (92) | 3553 (92) | 3269 (90) | 1822 (89) | 1656 (90) | <0.001 |
| African American | 291 (2) | 26 (2) | 33 (1) | 64 (2) | 59 (2) | 64 (3) | 45 (2) | |
| Asian | 169 (1) | 19 (2) | 11 (1) | 39 (1) | 50 (1) | 25 (1) | 25 (1) | |
| Others | 921 (6) | 76 (7) | 125 (6) | 219 (6) | 253 (7) | 135 (7) | 113 (6) | |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 67±35 | 78±32 | 77±30 | 73±30 | 70±33 | 62±38 | 36±36 | <0.001 |
| Principal diagnosis | ||||||||
| Cardiovascular | 2787 (19) | 136 (12) | 336 (15) | 768 (20) | 802 (22) | 404 (20) | 341 (19) | <0.001 |
| Endocrine/metabolic | 864 (6) | 75 (6) | 132 (6) | 195 (5) | 189 (5) | 111 (5) | 162 (9) | |
| Gastrointestinal | 1820 (12) | 197 (17) | 395 (18) | 523 (13) | 375 (10) | 181 (9) | 149 (8) | |
| Hematology/oncology | 2412 (16) | 146 (13) | 357 (16) | 663 (17) | 637 (18) | 358 (17) | 251 (14) | |
| Infectious disease | 744 (5) | 158 (14) | 148 (7) | 166 (4) | 124 (3) | 70 (3) | 78 (4) | |
| Respiratory | 777 (5) | 75 (6) | 135 (6) | 249 (6) | 157 (4) | 89 (4) | 72 (4) | |
| Injury/poisoning | 2343 (16) | 178 (15) | 328 (15) | 633 (16) | 627 (17) | 333 (16) | 244 (13) | |
| Other | 3025 (20) | 197 (17) | 388 (17) | 678 (17) | 720 (20) | 500 (24) | 542 (29) | |
| Charlson score | 2.4±2.7 | 2.2±1.7 | 2.3±2.7 | 2.3±2.7 | 2.3±2.6 | 2.4±2.7 | 2.7±2.7 | <0.001 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||||
| Coronary artery disease | 3166 (21) | 185 (16) | 464 (21) | 841 (22) | 808 (22) | 446 (22) | 422 (23) | <0.001 |
| Congestive heart failure | 1316 (9) | 56 (5) | 148 (7) | 338 (9) | 352 (10) | 196 (10) | 226 (12) | <0.001 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 569 (4) | 30 (3) | 63 (3) | 133 (3) | 154 (4) | 83 (4) | 106 (6) | <0.001 |
| Stroke | 1188 (8) | 86 (7) | 178 (8) | 330 (9) | 297 (8) | 163 (8) | 134 (7) | 0.65 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 3524 (24) | 221 (19) | 470 (21) | 862 (22) | 868 (24) | 544 (27) | 559 (30) | <0.001 |
| COPD | 1448 (10) | 90 (8) | 241 (11) | 407 (11) | 347 (10) | 181 (9) | 182 (10) | 0.02 |
| Cirrhosis | 648 (4) | 73 (6) | 105 (5) | 188 (5) | 125 (3) | 60 (3) | 97 (5) | <0.001 |
| AKI | 4378 (30) | 219 (19) | 412 (19) | 825 (21) | 951 (26) | 773 (38) | 1198 (65) | <0.001 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 998 (7) | 122 (10) | 175 (8) | 239 (6) | 191 (5) | 121 (6) | 150 (8) | <0.001 |
| Vasopressor | 698 (5) | 82 (7) | 88 (4) | 144 (4) | 148 (4) | 89 (4) | 147 (8) | <0.001 |
| Calcium supplement | 4590 (31) | 365 (31) | 661 (30) | 1198 (31) | 1115 (31) | 612 (30) | 639 (35) | 0.01 |
Continuous data are presented as mean±SD, categorical data are presented as count (%). SD: Standard deviation, AKI: Acute kidney injury, COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate