Table 1.
Variable | Participants with CKD (n 146) |
Participants without CKD (n 1858) |
Significance* | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean or n | sd or % | Mean or n | sd or % | ||
Age (years) | 53·7 | 4·3 | 48·5 | 3·5 | P < 0·001 |
Gender | |||||
Male | 59 | 40·4 | 944 | 50·8 | χ2 = 5·85 |
Female | 87 | 59·6 | 914 | 49·2 | P < 0·05 |
Smoking status | |||||
Never | 115 | 78·8 | 1499 | 80·7 | χ2 = 13·81 |
Former | 12 | 8·2 | 43 | 2·3 | P < 0·01 |
Current | 19 | 13·0 | 316 | 17·0 | |
Education | |||||
<High school | 25 | 17·1 | 167 | 9·0 | χ2 = 13·90 |
High school | 103 | 70·6 | 1310 | 70·5 | P < 0·01 |
>High school | 18 | 12·3 | 381 | 20·5 | |
Monthly income per person (RMB) | |||||
≤2500 | 73 | 50·0 | 641 | 34·5 | χ2 = 14·67 |
2500–4000 | 60 | 41·1 | 953 | 51·3 | P < 0·01 |
>4000 | 13 | 8·9 | 264 | 14·2 | |
Obese | |||||
Yes | 45 | 30·8 | 319 | 17·2 | χ2 = 16·98 |
No | 101 | 69·2 | 1539 | 82·8 | P < 0·001 |
Hypertension | |||||
Yes | 47 | 32·2 | 240 | 12·9 | χ2 = 40·98 |
No | 99 | 67·8 | 1618 | 87·1 | P < 0·001 |
Type 2 diabetes mellitus | |||||
Yes | 30 | 20·5 | 182 | 9·8 | χ2 = 16·54 |
No | 116 | 79·5 | 1676 | 90·2 | P < 0·001 |
Continuous variables are presented as mean and standard deviation, categorical variables are presented as number and percentage.
*P value for continuous variables from the independent-samples t test or the Mann–Whitney U test, and for categorical variables from the χ2 test.