Table 1.

Dosing of convalescent plasma in sundry coronavirus outbreaks.

Disease	Location	Dose of CP	Titer	Summary finding
SARS1	Hong Kong, China	Mean volume 279.3 ± 127.1 ml(range, 160–640 ml)	•Not performed	•Retrospective chart review of 80 patients who received CP •∼14 (range, 7–30 days) following the onset of symptoms •Good clinical outcome in 33 (41.3%) patients as defined by hospital discharge by day 22 •Improved outcome associated with early administration •No adverse events
SARS1	Taipei, Taiwan	500 mL	•Serum antibody(IgG) titer was>640	•Uncontrolled case series of 3 severely ill patients •Improvement in clinical status of all 3 patients
SARS1	Hong Kong, China	200mL	•Not stated	•Case report of one patient •Improved clinical status •Other therapies also used •No adverse effect
SARS1	Shenzhen, China	2 units of 250 ml each (total 500 mL); transfused12 h apart	•Not stated	•Letter to editor/case report of one patient •Improvement in clinical status
MERS	Seoul, South Korea	4 transfusions of CP to 3 patients; volumes not stated	•PRNT negative (n = 2), 1:40 (n = 1) and 1:80 (n = 1)	•Uncertain benefit although all 3 patients survived •ELISA IgG Optical density of 1.9 predictive of PRNT titer ≥1:80 with 100% specificity
MERS	Riyadh, Saudi Arabia	•(feasibility study) •2 units (250–350 mL/unit) proposed for Phase 2	Of 196 individuals with suspected or confirmed MERSCoV: •8 (2.7%) reactive by ELISA;6 of 8 reactive by MN Of 230 exposed healthcare workers: •4 (1.7%) reactive by ELISA;3 of 4 reactive by MN	•Feasibility study to assess proportion of convalescent donors that had antibodies against MERS-CoV •No transfusions of CP undertaken
MERS	Seoul, South Korea	250 mL	•Not stated	•Case report (letter to editor) of 1 patient •Possible TRALI reported
COVID-19	Wuhan, China	200 mL	•Neutralizing AntiSARS-CoV-2–antibody titer >1:640	•Uncontrolled case series of 10 severely ill patients •Other therapies included steroids, antimicrobials, antivirals •Median onset of symptoms to CP 16.5 days (IQR11.0–19.3 days) •Improvement in clinical status of all patients •No significant adverse effect
COVID-19	Shenzhen, China	2 consecutive transfusions of 200-250 ml (400 ml total)	•ELISA AntiSARS-CoV-2– antibody titer>1:1000 •Neutralizing antibody titer >40	•Uncontrolled case series of 5 critically ill patients •Administration of CP 10-22d post-admission •All had had steroids and antivirals •Improvement in clinical status of all patients

Abbreviations: CP-Convalescent plasma TRALI- Transfusion related acute lung injury ELISA- Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Antibody assay PRNT-plaque reduction neutralization assay IFA- Indirect fluorescent antibody testing MN- Microneutralization assay.