Fig. 1.

Recent evolution of guidelines for post-CA patient care. This timeline compares changes in guidelines from three recent meetings (AAN, 2006; ERC/ESICM, 2014; AHA, 2015) emphasizing a multimodal approach to patient care following CA. Also included are gaps in the standard of care for CA patients, as identified during a more recent collaborative meeting (ANIM, 2018). AAN = American Academy of Neurology; ERC/ESICM = European Resuscitation Council/European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; ANIM = Arbeitstagung NeuroIntensive Medizin; NSE = neuron-specific enolase, PLR = pupillary light reflex; SSEP = somatosensory evoked potential; MRI = magnetic resonance imaging, CT = computerized tomography; WLST = withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy