Table 2.
AuNPs application in cancer cell diagnosis, treatment methods, and its advantages.
| Metallic nanoparticles | Particle size (nm) | Targeted | Cancer cells | Methods | Method performance | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AuNPs | 15 | pAb and mAb anti-CEA antibodies, | MCF7 cells | SERS immunoassay | Different immunoassay method | Chon et al., 2009 |
| AuNPs | 35 | anti-EGFR | Oral epithelial living Cancerous cell | SPR | Valuable molecular sensors | El-Sayed et al., 2005 |
| AuNPs | 20 | Heparin | Epithelial | Imaging | therapeutics and Imaging | Shi et al., 2007 |
| AuNPs | - | folic acid, fluorescein isothiocyanate | Liver cells-imaging | Imaging | Possible CT imaging | Sun et al., 2009 |
| AuNPs | 15 | Functionalized shiny carbon electrodes | Lung and liver cancer, | Electrochemical and contact-based angle measurements | Fast identification and vastly sensitive exposure for cancerous cell | He et al., 2009 |
| AuNPs | 30 | ENO1 antibodies | Lung cancer | Electrochemical immune sensor | Measurable tests protein and cancerous biomarkers | Ho et al., 2010 |
| AuNPs | 100 | Anticarcinogen-embryonic antibodies | Cancer | ELISA | Premature diagnosis of cancer | Zhou et al., 2011 |
| AuNPs | 20 | kinase C (PKC-alpha) peptides | Breast cancer | GNP- colorimetric assay | Preliminary screening throughout cancer diagnosis | Raghavendra et al., 2014 |
| AuNPs | 15 | anti-CA15-3-HRP antibodies | Breast cancer | ELISA | Detection of cancerous cells | Ambrosi et al., 2009 |
| AuNPs | 90 | EGF-ligand and tag Raman receptors | Flow tumors | SERS | Novel clinical device for managing of patients | Wang et al., 2011 |
| AuNPs | 25 | anti-EGFR | Paracervical cancer | Illumination microscopy, | Influential device for detecting cellular, molecular variations | Rahman et al., 2005 |
| AuNPs | 15 | Single-chain variable part | Oral cancer | SERS | Saliva-assay for initial analysis of oral Cancerous cells | Kah et al., 2007 |
| AuNPs | 60 | anti-EGFR | Head-and-neck | SERS | Optical and EM enquiries for tumor detection | Conde et al., 2012 |
| AuNPs | 45 | Her-2/neu antigen | Prostate cancer detection | Difference photoacoustic imaging | Filmic device for molecular and structural information | Agarwal et al., 2007 |
| AuNPs | 15 | F19 monoclonal antibodies | Pancreatic adenocarcinoma | Light sprinkling, size prohibiting chromatography | Labeling method | Eck et al., 2008 |
| AuNPs | 20 | Aptamer | Leukemia and lymphoma | Spectroscopic method | Primary and precise exposure of cancer | Medley et al., 2008 |
EGF, endothelial growth factor; SPR, surface plasmon resonance; EGFR, endothelial growth factor receptor; HER, human epidermal growth factor receptor; ScFv: single chain variable fragment; CT, computed tomography; ELISA, enzyme linked immune sorbant assay; SERS, surface enhance Raman scattering; ENO1, alpha-enolase; SCCHN: squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck; PC-3, prostate cancer cells; pAb, polyclonal antibody; mAb, monoclonal antibody; PEG, poly ethylene glycol; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen.