Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of survivors and nonsurvivors
| Variables | Survivors (N = 964) | Nonsurvivors (N = 40) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 62 (50‐70) | 68 (58‐79) | .007 |
| Male, n (%) | 466 (48.3) | 27 (67.5) | .018 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 440 (45.6) | 22 (55) | .245 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 128 (118‐138)* | 133 (123‐146) | .069 |
| WBC, 10 × 9/L | 6.05 (4.70‐7.80) | 14.85 (11.73‐18.68) | <.001 |
| Platelet, 10 × 9/L | 180 (139‐228)* | 119 (82‐186) | <.001 |
| Albumin, g/L | 35.3 (31.2‐39.3) | 26.8 (24.9‐31.5) | <.001 |
| Neutrophil, 10 × 9/L | 4.196 (3.000‐6.150) | 13.305 (10.550‐17.593) | <.001 |
| Lymphocyte, 10 × 9/L | 0.97 (0.65‐1.41) | 0.33 (0.16‐0.47) | <.001 |
| NLR | 4.11 (2.44‐8.12) | 49.06 (25.71‐69.70) | <.001 |
| High sensitivity CRP, ng/mL | 18.89 (3.68‐66.91)* | 208.46 (117.47‐284.78) | <.001 |
| Creatinine, mol/L | 69.25 (56.60‐89.08) | 143.95 (91.20‐355.70) | <.001 |
| CK, IU/L | 75.00 (48.00‐139.75) | 274.00 (107.50‐643) | <.001 |
| CK‐MB, IU/L | 11 (8‐16) | 28.00 (14.25‐43.75) | <.001 |
| LDH, IU/L | 227 (177‐317)* | 568.50 (352.00‐823.25) | <.001 |
| cTnI, ng/L | 0.002 (0.000‐0.011)* | 0.478 (0.106‐1.205) | <.001 |
| HBDH, U/L | 193 (153‐264)* | 435 (250‐662) | <.001 |
| NT‐proBNP pmol/L | 29.53 (12.75‐70.96)* | 251.56 (102.27‐471.65) | <.001 |
| Blood urea nitrogen, mmol/L | 4.9 (3.9‐6.8)* | 21.6 (6.5‐36.9) | <.001 |
| ALT, U/L | 33 (20‐61) | 51 (23‐96) | .048 |
| AST, U/L | 31 (22‐49) | 79 (38‐133) | <.001 |
| D‐Dimer, ng/mL | 0.73 (0.35‐2.16)* | 6.12 (3.40‐21.27) | <.001 |
| Triglyceride, mmol/L | 1.54 (1.11‐2.26) | 1.85 (1.29‐2.63) | .124 |
| Total bilirubin, μmol/L | 10.4 (7.7‐13.7)* | 15.6 (7.6‐22.7) | .01 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.34 (3.72‐5.09)* | 3.70 (3.03‐4.37) | <.001 |
| HDL, mmol/L | 0.88 (0.72‐1.06)* | 0.63 (0.50‐0.89) | <.001 |
| LDL, mmol/L | 2.69 (2.23‐3.23)* | 2.20 (1.68‐2.78) | <.001 |
| ICU history | 40 (4.1) | 26 (65) | <.001 |
| ICU length of stay | 14 (9‐17) | 10.5 (5.25‐17.75) | .052 |
| Diabetes | 97 (10.1) | 10 (25) | .003 |
| Hypertension | 215 (22.3) | 20 (50) | <.001 |
| CHD | 65 (6.7) | 10 (25) | <.001 |
| Hyperlipemia | 19 (2) | 1 (2.5) | .814 |
| COPD | 8 (0.8) | 0 (0) | .563 |
| Other lung diseases | 126 (13.1) | 21 (52.5) | <.001 |
| Respiratory failure | 48 (5) | 25 (62.5) | <.001 |
| Acute renal failure | 3 (0.3) | 0 (0) | .724 |
| Other kidney diseases | 91 (9.4) | 8 (20) | .028 |
| Livercirrhosis | 8 (0.8) | 0 (0) | .563 |
| Other liver diseases | 68 (7.1) | 7 (17.5) | .014 |
| Digestive system disease | 19 (2) | 2 (5) | .19 |
| Tumour | 11 (1.1) | 1 (2.5) | .438 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 21 (2.2) | 9 (22.5) | <.001 |
Note: Data are presented as median with IQR for continuous variables and as number with percentage for categorical variables.
Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; CK, serum creatine kinase; CK‐MB, creatine kinase‐MB; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HBDH, hydroxybutyrate‐dehydrogenase; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein; NLR, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio; WBC, white blood cell.
*
P < .05.